Ekstrom Richard A, Donatelli Robert A, Carp Kenji C
Department of Physical Therapy, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD 57069, USA.
J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2007 Dec;37(12):754-62. doi: 10.2519/jospt.2007.2471. Epub 2007 Aug 29.
Prospective, single-group, repeated-measures design.
To identify exercises that could be used for strength development and the exercises that would be more appropriate for endurance or stabilization training.
The exercises analyzed are often used in rehabilitation programs for the spine, hip, and knee. They are active exercises using body weight for resistance; thus a clinician is unable to determine the amount of resistance being applied to a muscle group. Electromyographic (EMG) analysis can provide a measure of muscle activation so that the clinician can have a better idea about the effect the exercise may have on the muscle for strength, endurance, or stabilization.
Surface EMG analysis was carried out in 19 males and 11 females while performing the following 9 exercises: active hip abduction, bridge, unilateral-bridge, side-bridge, prone-bridge on the elbows and toes, quadruped arm/lower extremity lift, lateral step-up, standing lunge, and using the Dynamic Edge. The rectus abdominis, external oblique abdominis, longissimus thoracis, lumbar multifidus, gluteus maximus, gluteus medius, vastus medialis obliquus, and hamstring muscles were studied.
In healthy subjects, the lateral step-up and the lunge exercises produced EMG levels greater than 45% maximum voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) in the vastus medialis obliquus, which suggests that they may be beneficial for strengthening that muscle. The side-bridge exercise could be used for strengthening the gluteus medius and the external oblique abdominis muscles, and the quadruped arm/lower extremity lift exercise may help strengthen the gluteus maximus muscle. All the other exercises produced EMG levels less than 45% MVIC, so they may be more beneficial for training endurance or stabilization in healthy subjects.
Our results suggest these exercises could be used for a core rehabilitation or performance enhancement program. Depending on the individual needs of a patient or athlete, some of the exercises may be more beneficial than others for achieving strength.
前瞻性单组重复测量设计。
确定可用于增强力量的练习以及更适合耐力或稳定性训练的练习。
所分析的练习常用于脊柱、髋部和膝部的康复项目。它们是利用体重作为阻力的主动练习；因此临床医生无法确定施加于肌肉群的阻力大小。肌电图（EMG）分析可提供肌肉激活程度的测量，以便临床医生能更好地了解该练习对肌肉在力量、耐力或稳定性方面可能产生的影响。
对19名男性和11名女性进行表面肌电图分析，同时让他们进行以下9种练习：主动髋外展、桥接、单侧桥接、侧桥接、肘膝俯卧桥接、四足手臂/下肢抬起、侧向跨步、站立弓步以及使用动态边缘训练器。研究了腹直肌、腹外斜肌、胸最长肌、腰多裂肌、臀大肌、臀中肌、股内侧斜肌和腘绳肌。
在健康受试者中，侧向跨步和弓步练习使股内侧斜肌的肌电图水平高于最大自主等长收缩（MVIC）的45%，这表明它们可能有助于增强该肌肉。侧桥接练习可用于增强臀中肌和腹外斜肌，四足手臂/下肢抬起练习可能有助于增强臀大肌。所有其他练习产生的肌电图水平低于MVIC的45%，因此它们可能对健康受试者的耐力或稳定性训练更有益。
我们的结果表明这些练习可用于核心康复或提高运动表现的项目。根据患者或运动员的个体需求，某些练习在增强力量方面可能比其他练习更有益。
