Health Research Centre, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain.
Laboratory of Kinesiology, Biomechanics and Ergonomics (KIBIOMER Lab.), Research Central Services, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Jun 16;17(12):4306. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17124306.
The aim of this study was to systematically review the current literature on the electromyographic (EMG) activity of six core muscles (the rectus abdominis, the internal and external oblique, the transversus abdominis, the lumbar multifidus, and the erector spinae) during core physical fitness exercises in healthy adults. A systematic review of the literature was conducted on the Cochrane, EBSCO, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science electronic databases for studies from January 2012 to March 2020. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were used. The inclusion criteria were as follows: a) the full text available in English; b) a cross-sectional or longitudinal (experimental or cohorts) study design; c) the reporting of electromyographic activity as a percentage of maximum voluntary contraction (% MVIC), millivolts or microvolts; d) an analysis of the rectus abdominis (RA), transversus abdominis (TA), lumbar multifidus (MUL), erector spinae (ES), and the internal (IO) or external oblique (EO); e) an analysis of physical fitness exercises for core training; and f) healthy adult participants. The main findings indicate that the greatest activity of the RA, EO, and ES muscles was found in free-weight exercises. The greatest IO activity was observed in core stability exercises, while traditional exercises showed the greatest MUL activation. However, a lack of research regarding TA activation during core physical fitness exercises was revealed, in addition to a lack of consistency between the studies when applying methods to measure EMG activity.
本研究旨在系统回顾 2012 年 1 月至 2020 年 3 月期间，关于健康成年人进行核心体能训练时，六大核心肌肉（腹直肌、内/外斜肌、腹横肌、多裂肌和竖脊肌）的肌电图（EMG）活动的现有文献。我们在 Cochrane、EBSCO、PubMed、Scopus 和 Web of Science 电子数据库中进行了系统的文献回顾，纳入标准为：a）全文为英文；b）横断面或纵向（实验或队列）研究设计；c）以最大自主收缩百分比（%MVIC）、毫伏或微伏报告肌电图活动；d）分析腹直肌（RA）、腹横肌（TA）、多裂肌（MUL）、竖脊肌（ES）以及内斜肌（IO）或外斜肌（EO）；e）对核心训练的体能训练进行分析；f）健康成年参与者。主要发现表明，在自由重量练习中，RA、EO 和 ES 肌肉的活动最大。在核心稳定性练习中观察到 IO 的最大活动，而传统练习显示出最大的 MUL 激活。然而，在核心体能训练过程中，TA 的激活研究较少，此外，在应用 EMG 活动测量方法时，研究之间缺乏一致性。
