Department of Chemistry, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, 91779, Iran.
Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, OH, 44325, USA.
Bioprocess Biosyst Eng. 2017 Sep;40(9):1363-1373. doi: 10.1007/s00449-017-1794-y. Epub 2017 Jun 7.
Lipid extraction is the bottleneck step for algae-based biodiesel production. Herein, 12 solvent mixture systems (mixtures of three non-polar and two polar organic solvents) were examined to evaluate their effects on the total lipid yield from Chlorella vulgaris (C. vulgaris). Moreover, the extraction yields of three solvent systems with maximum extraction efficiency of esterifiable lipids were determined by acidic transesterification and GC-FID analysis. Three solvent systems, which resulted in a higher extraction yield, were further subjected to fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) analysis. The total lipid extraction yields (based on dry biomass) were (38.57 ± 1.51), (25.33 ± 0.58), and (25.17 ± 1.14) %, for chloroform-methanol (1:2) (C1M2), hexane-methanol (1:2) (H1M2), and chloroform-methanol (2:1) (C2M1), respectively. The extraction efficiency of C1M2 was approximately 1.5 times higher than H1M2 and C2M1, whereas the FAME profile of extracted lipids by H1M2 and C1M2 were almost identical. Moreover, the esterifiable lipid extraction yields of (18.14 ± 2.60), (16.66 ± 0.35), and (13.22 ± 0.31) % (based on dry biomass) were obtained for C1M2, H1M2, and C2M1 solvent mixture systems, respectively. The biodiesel fuel properties produced from C. vulgaris were empirically predicted and compared to that of the EN 14214 and ASTM 6751 standard specifications.
脂质提取是藻类生物柴油生产的瓶颈步骤。在此，研究了 12 种溶剂混合物系统（三种非极性和两种极性有机溶剂的混合物），以评估它们对普通小球藻（C. vulgaris）总脂产量的影响。此外，通过酸性酯交换和 GC-FID 分析，确定了三种酯可提取脂质提取效率最高的溶剂系统的提取产率。三种提取产率较高的溶剂系统进一步进行脂肪酸甲酯（FAME）分析。基于干生物质，氯仿-甲醇（1:2）（C1M2）、正己烷-甲醇（1:2）（H1M2）和氯仿-甲醇（2:1）（C2M1）的总脂质提取产率（%）分别为（38.57±1.51）、（25.33±0.58）和（25.17±1.14）。C1M2 的提取效率约为 H1M2 和 C2M1 的 1.5 倍，而 H1M2 和 C1M2 提取的脂质的 FAME 图谱几乎相同。此外，C1M2、H1M2 和 C2M1 溶剂混合物系统的可酯化脂质提取产率（基于干生物质）分别为（18.14±2.60）%、（16.66±0.35）%和（13.22±0.31）%。从 C. vulgaris 生产的生物柴油燃料特性通过经验预测，并与 EN 14214 和 ASTM 6751 标准规范进行了比较。
