Sarganas Giselle, Schaffrath Rosario Angelika, Neuhauser Hannelore K
Robert Koch Institute, Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring, Berlin, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Berlin, Germany.
Robert Koch Institute, Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring, Berlin, Germany.
J Pediatr. 2017 Aug;187:174-181.e3. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2017.05.021. Epub 2017 Jun 7.
To present population-based resting heart rate (RHR) percentiles and associated factors in children and adolescents.
Standardized RHR measurements with an oscillometric device were obtained from 3- to 17-year-olds who participated in the German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Children and Adolescents (n = 11 986). Age- and sex-specific RHR percentiles were derived using flexible age-dependent modeling. Linear regression was used to test associations of RHR and associated factors.
RHR decreased with age and mean RHR was on average 3.0 beats per minute (bpm) higher in girls than in boys (P < .01). The 95th RHR-KiGGS-percentile (P95) in boys and girls are up to 10 bpm lower than P95 based on pooled heterogeneous international studies and more similar to percentiles based on population data from NHANES (higher or lower by ≤5 bpm, depending on age). Factors independently associated with RHR in both sexes were age, SBP and height in children aged 3-10 years; and age, systolic blood pressure, and high aerobic fitness in adolescents aged 11-17 years. In girls, we further found an association between RHR and underweight (OR 3.3 and 4.7 for underweight girls aged 3-10 and 11-17, respectively, compared with normal weight girls). Associations between RHR and aerobic fitness, physical activity, and media use were stronger in boys than in girls.
This study provides population-based RHR percentiles and evidence for sex-dependent associations of cardiovascular risk factors with RHR in children and adolescents, many of which are lifestyle related.
呈现儿童和青少年基于人群的静息心率（RHR）百分位数及相关因素。
使用示波装置对参与德国儿童和青少年健康访谈与检查调查的3至17岁儿童（n = 11986）进行标准化RHR测量。采用灵活的年龄依赖模型得出年龄和性别特异性RHR百分位数。使用线性回归检验RHR与相关因素的关联。
RHR随年龄增长而降低，女孩的平均RHR比男孩平均每分钟高3.0次心跳（bpm）（P < 0.01）。男孩和女孩的第95个RHR-KiGGS百分位数（P95）比基于汇总的异质性国际研究的P95低达10 bpm，并且与基于美国国家健康与营养检查调查（NHANES）人群数据的百分位数更相似（根据年龄，高或低≤5 bpm）。在3至10岁儿童中，与RHR独立相关的因素是年龄、收缩压（SBP）和身高；在11至17岁青少年中，是年龄、收缩压和高有氧适能。在女孩中，我们还发现RHR与体重过轻之间存在关联（3至10岁和11至17岁体重过轻女孩的比值比分别为3.3和4.7，与正常体重女孩相比）。RHR与有氧适能、身体活动和媒体使用之间的关联在男孩中比在女孩中更强。
本研究提供了基于人群的RHR百分位数，并证明了儿童和青少年心血管危险因素与RHR之间存在性别依赖性关联，其中许多与生活方式有关。
