Reinstein Zachary Z, Pamarthy Sahithi, Sagar Vinay, Costa Ricardo, Abdulkadir Sarki A, Giles Francis J, Carneiro Benedito A
Developmental Therapeutics Program, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, USA; The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 86402, USA.
Developmental Therapeutics Program, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, USA; The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
Crit Rev Oncol Hematol. 2017 Sep;117:114-127. doi: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2017.05.004. Epub 2017 May 12.
Bone metastases are present in up to 70% of advanced prostate and breast cancers and occur at significant rates in a variety of other cancers. Bone metastases can be associated with significant morbidity. The establishment of bone metastasis activates several immunosuppressive mechanisms. Hence, understanding the tumor-bone microenvironment is crucial to inform the development of novel therapies. This review describes the current standard of care for patients with bone metastatic disease and novel treatment options targeting the microenvironment. Treatments reviewed include immunotherapies, cryoablation, and targeted therapies. Combinatorial treatment strategies including targeted therapies and immunotherapies show promise in pre-clinical and clinical studies to overcome the suppressive environment and improve treatment of bone metastases.
高达70%的晚期前列腺癌和乳腺癌会出现骨转移，在其他多种癌症中骨转移的发生率也很高。骨转移可能会导致严重的发病率。骨转移的形成会激活多种免疫抑制机制。因此，了解肿瘤-骨微环境对于新型疗法的开发至关重要。本综述描述了骨转移性疾病患者的当前护理标准以及针对微环境的新型治疗选择。所综述的治疗方法包括免疫疗法、冷冻消融和靶向疗法。包括靶向疗法和免疫疗法在内的联合治疗策略在临床前和临床研究中显示出有望克服抑制性环境并改善骨转移的治疗效果。
