Ferdous Farzana, Saski Christopher, Bridges William, Burns Matthew, Dunn Heather, Elliott Kathryn, Scott Thomas R
Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634.
Clemson University Genomics and Computational Biology Facility, Institute for Translational Genomics, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634.
J Immunol. 2017 Jul 15;199(2):774-781. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.1700189. Epub 2017 Jun 9.
It is now well understood that thrombocytes (nucleated platelets) express TLRs and respond to both bacterial and viral products. Release of proinflammatory molecules can be expected following relatively short exposure times to LPS, lipoteichoic acid (LTA), thymidine homopolymer phosphorothioate oligonucleotide [Poly(dT)], and polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid [Poly(I:C)]. This study reports the varied expressions of genes encoded for components of the TLR, nucleotide binding oligomerization domain-like receptor, and retinoic acid-inducible gene RIG-like receptor signaling pathways in response to the TLR ligands listed above. Highly sensitive RNA-sequencing technologies were used to analyze the complete transcriptome of thrombocytes treated with all four microbial products for a period of 1 h. A total of 14,326 gene transcripts were found in chicken thrombocytes across all ligand exposures. After 1 h of stimulation with ligands, 87, 138, 1013, and 22 genes were upregulated for LTA, LPS, Poly(dT), and Poly(I:C), and 12, 142, 249, and 16 genes were downregulated for LTA, LPS, Poly(dT), and Poly(I:C), respectively, with at least a 1-fold change relative to unexposed thrombocytes. Summarizations of biological processes, protein classes, and biochemical pathways reveal the role of chicken thrombocytes in proinflammatory responses linked to key signaling pathways. TLR, nucleotide binding oligomerization domain-like receptor, and retinoic acid-inducible gene RIG-like receptor pathways were mapped based on the transcriptome results with gene expression for common signal and proinflammatory mediators highlighted. The information reported in this study is useful for defining a limited set of proinflammatory molecules to evaluate in cases of either bacterial or viral disease monitoring.
现在已经清楚地了解到，血小板（有核血小板）表达Toll样受体（TLR），并对细菌和病毒产物作出反应。在相对较短的暴露时间后，预计会释放促炎分子，这些暴露时间涉及脂多糖（LPS）、脂磷壁酸（LTA）、胸苷同聚物硫代磷酸酯寡核苷酸[聚（dT）]和聚肌苷酸-聚胞苷酸[聚（I：C）]。本研究报告了TLR、核苷酸结合寡聚化结构域样受体和视黄酸诱导基因RIG样受体信号通路的组成成分所编码基因的不同表达情况，这些表达是对上述TLR配体的反应。使用高度敏感的RNA测序技术分析了用所有四种微生物产物处理1小时的血小板的完整转录组。在所有配体暴露情况下，鸡血小板中共发现14326个基因转录本。在用配体刺激1小时后，相对于未暴露的血小板，LTA、LPS、聚（dT）和聚（I：C）分别有87、138、1013和22个基因上调，LTA、LPS、聚（dT）和聚（I：C）分别有12、142、249和16个基因下调，变化倍数至少为1倍。对生物学过程、蛋白质类别和生化途径的总结揭示了鸡血小板在与关键信号通路相关的促炎反应中的作用。基于转录组结果绘制了TLR、核苷酸结合寡聚化结构域样受体和视黄酸诱导基因RIG样受体途径，并突出显示了常见信号和促炎介质的基因表达。本研究报告的信息有助于确定一组有限的促炎分子，以便在细菌或病毒疾病监测病例中进行评估。
