Blood-borne Viruses and Sexually Transmitted Infections Section, Health Protection Scotland, Glasgow, UK.
Department of Public Health, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh, UK.
Addiction. 2017 Oct;112(10):1799-1807. doi: 10.1111/add.13898. Epub 2017 Jul 11.
In April 2015, the UK government enacted a temporary class drug order (TCDO) on ethylphenidate in response to reported harms associated with its use, in particular an outbreak of infections among people who inject drugs (PWID) in Lothian, Scotland. This study assesses the effect that the TCDO had on reducing the most common infections identified during the outbreak: Streptococcus pyogenes and Staphylococcus aureus.
The outbreak was split into a pre-intervention period (35 weeks) and a post-intervention period (26 weeks) based around the date of the TCDO. Segmented negative binomial regression models were used to compare trends in weekly counts of infections between the pre- and post-intervention periods.
PWID in the Lothian region of Scotland.
Cases of S. pyogenes and S. aureus infections reported within the National Health Service, Lothian.
There were 251 S. pyogenes and/or S. aureus infections recorded among 211 PWID between February 2014 and December 2015: 171 infections in the pre-intervention period and 51 in the post-intervention period. Significant trend changes in weekly S. pyogenes and/or S. aureus infections following the TCDO were found [relative risk (RR) = 0.88, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.82-0.94]. PWID who self-reported using novel psychoactive substances (NPS) were at higher risk of acquiring these infections (RR = 1.81, 95% CI = 1.12-2.93), particularly when comparing the risk of infection with NPS use for a specific strain, S. pyogenes emm76.0, against the risk of infection with NPS use for S. pyogenes (emm types other than emm76.0) (RR = 3.49, 95% CI = 1.32-9.21).
The UK government's 2015 temporary class drug order on ethylphenidate was effective in reducing infections among people who inject drugs during an outbreak situation in Lothian, Scotland.
2015 年 4 月，英国政府对乙基苯丙胺实施了临时管制药物令（TCDO），以应对其使用带来的危害，特别是苏格兰洛锡安区注射吸毒者（PWID）中爆发的感染。本研究评估了 TCDO 对减少疫情中最常见感染的影响：化脓性链球菌和金黄色葡萄球菌。
根据 TCDO 的日期，将疫情分为干预前（35 周）和干预后（26 周）两个阶段。采用分段负二项回归模型比较干预前后每周感染病例数的趋势。
苏格兰洛锡安区的 PWID。
在国民保健系统内报告的化脓性链球菌和/或金黄色葡萄球菌感染病例。
2014 年 2 月至 2015 年 12 月期间，在 211 名 PWID 中记录了 251 例化脓性链球菌和/或金黄色葡萄球菌感染：干预前有 171 例，干预后有 51 例。在 TCDO 之后，每周化脓性链球菌和/或金黄色葡萄球菌感染的趋势变化显著[相对风险（RR）=0.88，95%置信区间（CI）=0.82-0.94]。自我报告使用新型精神活性物质（NPS）的 PWID 感染这些感染的风险更高（RR=1.81，95%CI=1.12-2.93），特别是当比较特定菌株 NPS 使用的感染风险，化脓性链球菌 emm76.0 与 NPS 使用的化脓性链球菌（emm 类型除 emm76.0 以外）的感染风险（RR=3.49，95%CI=1.32-9.21）。
英国政府 2015 年对乙基苯丙胺的临时管制药物令在苏格兰洛锡安区疫情期间有效减少了注射吸毒者的感染。
