Ho-Fung Victor M, Zapala Matthew A, Lee Edward Y
Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3401 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Pediatric Radiology Section, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Benioff Children's Hospital, University of California, San Francisco, 1975 Fourth Street, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
Radiol Clin North Am. 2017 Jul;55(4):785-802. doi: 10.1016/j.rcl.2017.02.011. Epub 2017 Mar 27.
Musculoskeletal traumatic injuries in children demonstrate characteristic imaging findings. The physis is the most susceptible structure to traumatic injury. The periosteum in children plays a key role in rapid bone healing and stability. The main complications of fractures in children are premature physeal closure, potential limb length discrepancy, and angular deformities. Understanding the normal bone growth, healing, and complications of pediatric fractures is crucial for appropriate imaging diagnosis. This article discusses currently available imaging modalities with up-to-date techniques, underlying mechanisms, and characteristic imaging findings of musculoskeletal traumatic injuries and mimickers encountered in daily clinical practice.
儿童肌肉骨骼创伤性损伤具有特征性的影像学表现。骨骺是最易受创伤性损伤影响的结构。儿童的骨膜在骨骼快速愈合和稳定性方面起着关键作用。儿童骨折的主要并发症是骨骺过早闭合、潜在的肢体长度差异和角畸形。了解儿童骨折的正常骨骼生长、愈合及并发症对于进行恰当的影像诊断至关重要。本文讨论了目前可用的成像方式，以及日常临床实践中遇到的肌肉骨骼创伤性损伤及其模仿者的最新技术、潜在机制和特征性影像学表现。
