Tang Minh Thuy, Han Hongyan, Yu Zhu, Tsuruta Takeshi, Nishino Naoki
Department of Animal Science, Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan.
Key Laboratory of National Education Ministry for Mammalian Reproductive Biology and Biotechnology, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, 010070, China.
Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2017 Aug;101(16):6355-6364. doi: 10.1007/s00253-017-8348-8. Epub 2017 Jun 10.
The microbiota of whole crop corn silage and feces of silage-fed dairy cows were examined. A total of 18 dairy cow feces were collected from six farms in Japan and China, and high-throughput Illumina sequencing of the V4 hypervariable region of 16S rRNA genes was performed. Lactobacillaceae were dominant in all silages, followed by Acetobacteraceae, Bacillaceae, and Enterobacteriaceae. In feces, the predominant families were Ruminococcaceae, Bacteroidaceae, Clostridiaceae, Lachnospiraceae, Rikenellaceae, and Paraprevotellaceae. Therefore, Lactobacillaceae of corn silage appeared to be eliminated in the gastrointestinal tract. Although fecal microbiota composition was similar in most samples, relative abundances of several families, such as Ruminococcaceae, Christensenellaceae, Turicibacteraceae, and Succinivibrionaceae, varied between farms and countries. In addition to the geographical location, differences in feeding management between total mixed ration feeding and separate feeding appeared to be involved in the variations. Moreover, a cow-to-cow variation for concentrate-associated families was demonstrated at the same farm; two cows showed high abundance of Succinivibrionaceae and Prevotellaceae, whereas another had a high abundance of Porphyromonadaceae. There was a negative correlation between forage-associated Ruminococcaceae and concentrate-associated Succinivibrionaceae and Prevotellaceae in 18 feces samples. Succinivibrionaceae, Prevotellaceae, p-2534-18B5, and Spirochaetaceae were regarded as highly variable taxa in this study. These findings help to improve our understanding of variation and similarity of the fecal microbiota of dairy cows with regard to individuals, farms, and countries. Microbiota of naturally fermented corn silage had no influence on the fecal microbiota of dairy cows.
对全株玉米青贮饲料和饲喂青贮饲料的奶牛粪便中的微生物群进行了检测。从日本和中国的六个农场收集了总共18份奶牛粪便，并对16S rRNA基因的V4高变区进行了高通量Illumina测序。所有青贮饲料中乳酸杆菌科占主导地位，其次是醋酸杆菌科、芽孢杆菌科和肠杆菌科。在粪便中，主要的科是瘤胃球菌科、拟杆菌科、梭菌科、毛螺菌科、理研菌科和副普雷沃氏菌科。因此，玉米青贮饲料中的乳酸杆菌科似乎在胃肠道中被清除。尽管大多数样本中的粪便微生物群组成相似，但瘤胃球菌科、克里斯滕森菌科、Turicibacteraceae和琥珀酸弧菌科等几个科的相对丰度在不同农场和国家之间有所不同。除地理位置外，全混合日粮饲喂和分开饲喂之间的饲养管理差异似乎也与这些变化有关。此外，在同一农场还证明了与精饲料相关的科在奶牛个体之间存在差异；两头奶牛的琥珀酸弧菌科和普雷沃氏菌科丰度较高，而另一头奶牛的卟啉单胞菌科丰度较高。在18份粪便样本中，与粗饲料相关的瘤胃球菌科与与精饲料相关的琥珀酸弧菌科和普雷沃氏菌科之间存在负相关。在本研究中，琥珀酸弧菌科、普雷沃氏菌科、p-2534-18B5和螺旋体科被视为高度可变的分类群。这些发现有助于提高我们对奶牛粪便微生物群在个体、农场和国家层面上的变异和相似性的理解。天然发酵玉米青贮饲料的微生物群对奶牛的粪便微生物群没有影响。
