Fabrication of polymeric ionic liquid-modified magnetic adsorbent for extraction of apolar and polar pollutants in complicated samples.

A new polymeric ionic liquid-modified magnetic adsorbent (PIL-MA) was successfully fabricated and used to extract apolar and polar pollutants with magnetic solid-phase extraction (MSPE). The PIL-MA was prepared by simple free radical copolymerization of 1-vinylbenzyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate, divinylbenzene and silica-coated magnetite. Several characterized techniques including infrared spectroscopy, elemental analysis, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and magnetic measurement were used to characterize the PIL-MA. Parabens and aromatic amines were selected as test analytes to investigate the extraction performance of PIL-MA for apolar and strongly polar analytes, respectively. The extraction parameters including the amount of PIL-MA, adsorption time, desorption solvent and time, pH value and ionic strength were optimized thoroughly. At the same time, convenient and sensitive analytical methods for parabens and aromatic amines in real samples were developed by the combination of PIL-MA-MSPE and HPLC-DAD. Results well demonstrate that there are abundant active groups in the PIL-MA and multiply interactions including π-π, hydrophobic, hydrogen-bonding and dipole-dipole are involved in the extraction.