Burt Richard D, Tinsley Joe, Glick Sara Nelson
*HIV/STD Program, Public Health-Seattle & King County, Seattle, WA; and †Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, University of Washington, Seattle, WA.
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2017 Jul 1;75 Suppl 3:S346-S351. doi: 10.1097/QAI.0000000000001409.
Promoting HIV testing is a key component of the public health response to HIV. Assessing HIV testing frequency among persons who inject drugs (PWID) monitors the status of these efforts and can identify unmet needs and opportunities to more effectively promote testing.
Data were combined from 4 Seattle-area surveys of PWID from the National HIV Behavioral Surveillance (NHBS) program (2005-2015) and 6 surveys of Needle Exchange clients (2004-2015).
The proportion of PWID reporting an HIV test in the previous 12 months declined from 64% in 2005% to 47% in 2015 in the NHBS surveys and from 72% to 58% in the Needle Exchange surveys. These declines persisted in multivariate analyses controlling for differences in the study populations in age, race, sex, area of residence, education, current homelessness, drug most frequently injected, daily injection frequency, and combined male-to-male sex and amphetamine injection status. The proportion of NHBS participants reporting not knowing the HIV status of their last injection partner increased from 38% to 45%. The proportion not knowing the HIV status of their last sex partner increased from 27% to 38%.
A decrease in HIV testing was found in 2 independent Seattle-area study populations. This was complemented by increases in the proportions not knowing the HIV status of their last sex and last injection partners. Research is needed to ascertain if such declines are observed elsewhere, the reasons for the decline, and appropriate means to effectively attain optimal HIV testing frequency among PWID.
推广艾滋病毒检测是公共卫生应对艾滋病毒工作的关键组成部分。评估注射吸毒者（PWID）的艾滋病毒检测频率可监测这些工作的进展情况，并能识别未得到满足的需求以及更有效地促进检测的机会。
数据来自美国国家艾滋病毒行为监测（NHBS）项目对西雅图地区注射吸毒者进行的4次调查（2005 - 2015年）以及对针头交换项目客户进行的6次调查（2004 - 2015年）。
在NHBS调查中，报告在过去12个月内进行过艾滋病毒检测的注射吸毒者比例从2005年的64%降至2015年的47%；在针头交换项目调查中，这一比例从72%降至58%。在对研究人群的年龄、种族、性别、居住地区、教育程度、当前是否无家可归、最常注射的毒品、每日注射频率以及男男性行为和安非他明注射状况差异进行控制的多变量分析中，这些下降趋势依然存在。NHBS参与者中报告不知道其最后一名注射伙伴艾滋病毒感染状况的比例从38%增至45%。不知道其最后一名性伙伴艾滋病毒感染状况的比例从27%增至38%。
在西雅图地区两个独立的研究人群中发现艾滋病毒检测率下降。与此同时，不知道其最后一次性伙伴和最后一名注射伙伴艾滋病毒感染状况的比例有所上升。需要开展研究以确定其他地方是否也观察到此类下降情况、下降的原因以及在注射吸毒者中有效实现最佳艾滋病毒检测频率的适当方法。
