Kamimura Akiko, Armenta Bianca, Nourian Maziar, Assasnik Nushean, Nourian Kimiya, Chernenko Alla
Department of Sociology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
J Prev Med Public Health. 2017;50(3):188-194. doi: 10.3961/jpmph.17.044.
Environmental pollution is a significant global issue. Both objective (scientifically measured) environmental pollution and perceived levels of pollution are important predictors of self-reported health. The purpose of this study was to compare the associations between perceived environmental pollution and health in China, Japan, and South Korea.
Data were obtained from the East Asian Social Survey and the Cross-National Survey Data Sets: Health and Society in East Asia, 2010 (n=7938; China, n=3866; Japan, n=2496; South Korea, n=1576).
South Koreans perceived environmental pollution to be the most severe, while Japanese participants perceived environmental pollution to be the least severe. Although the Japanese did not perceive environmental pollution to be very severe, their self-rated physical health was significantly related to perceived environmental pollution, while the analogous relationships were not significant for the Chinese or Korean participants. Better mental health was related to lower levels of perceived air pollution in China, as well as lower levels of perceived all types of pollution in Japan and lower levels of perceived noise pollution in South Korea.
Physical and mental health and individual socio-demographic characteristics were associated with levels of perceived environmental pollution, but with different patterns among these three countries.
环境污染是一个重大的全球性问题。客观（科学测量）的环境污染和感知到的污染水平都是自我报告健康状况的重要预测指标。本研究的目的是比较中国、日本和韩国在感知环境污染与健康之间的关联。
数据来自东亚社会调查和跨国调查数据集：2010年东亚的健康与社会（n = 7938；中国，n = 3866；日本，n = 2496；韩国，n = 1576）。
韩国人认为环境污染最为严重，而日本参与者认为环境污染最不严重。尽管日本人不认为环境污染非常严重，但他们的自评身体健康与感知到的环境污染显著相关，而中国或韩国参与者的类似关系并不显著。在中国，更好的心理健康与较低的感知空气污染水平相关，在日本与较低的各类感知污染水平相关，在韩国与较低的感知噪音污染水平相关。
身心健康和个人社会人口学特征与感知到的环境污染水平相关，但这三个国家的模式不同。
