Mahajan Shiwani, Chawla Deepak, Kaur Jasbinder, Jain Suksham
Departments of Pediatrics and *Biochemistry, Government Medical College and Hospital, Chandigarh, India. Correspondence to: Dr Deepak Chawla, Department of Pediatrics, Government Medical College and Hospital, Chandigarh, India.
Indian Pediatr. 2017 Aug 15;54(8):635-637. doi: 10.1007/s13312-017-1124-0. Epub 2017 Jun 4.
To evaluate the variability in macronutrient and energy content of breastmilk of Indian women delivering at ≤34 weeks of gestation.
In this cross-sectional study, samples of breastmilk expressed manually for feeding of preterm neonates were collected from 106 mothers at 3±1 (n=26), 7±2 (n=34), 14±2 (n=24), 21±3 (n=12) and 28±3 (n=10) days after birth. Protein, fat and carbohydrate content were estimated and total energy content was calculated.
Protein content in the human milk declined from 4.1±2.1 g/dL on the 3rd postpartum day to 2.2±0.6 g/dL by the 28th day postpartum. Lactose (from 2.2±0.7 g/dL to 3.0±0.9 g/dL), fat (1.9±1.8 g/dL to 3.4±2.1 g/dL) and energy (42.3±18.8 Kcal/dL to 51.9±21.5 Kcal/dL) contents increased from day 3 to day 28.
Preterm human milk has high temporal and inter-individual variation in the macronutrient composition and without fortification is unlikely to meet the nutritional requirement of preterm neonates.
评估妊娠≤34周分娩的印度女性母乳中常量营养素和能量含量的变异性。
在这项横断面研究中，从106名母亲处收集了为喂养早产儿而手动挤出的母乳样本，采集时间分别为出生后3±1天（n = 26）、7±2天（n = 34）、14±2天（n = 24）、21±3天（n = 12）和28±3天（n = 10）。估计蛋白质、脂肪和碳水化合物含量，并计算总能量含量。
人乳中的蛋白质含量从产后第3天的4.1±2.1 g/dL下降至产后第28天的2.2±0.6 g/dL。乳糖（从2.2±0.7 g/dL增至3.0±0.9 g/dL）、脂肪（从1.9±1.8 g/dL增至3.4±2.1 g/dL）和能量（从42.3±18.8千卡/分升降至51.9±21.5千卡/分升）含量从第3天到第28天有所增加。
早产母乳的常量营养素组成存在较高的时间和个体间差异，未经强化的早产母乳不太可能满足早产儿的营养需求。
