神经退行性疾病中的内源性大麻素系统。
Endocannabinoid system in neurodegenerative disorders.
作者信息
Basavarajappa Balapal S, Shivakumar Madhu, Joshi Vikram, Subbanna Shivakumar
机构信息
Division of Analytical Psychopharmacology, Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, New York, USA.
New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York City, New York, USA.
出版信息
J Neurochem. 2017 Sep;142(5):624-648. doi: 10.1111/jnc.14098. Epub 2017 Jul 5.
Abstract
Most neurodegenerative disorders (NDDs) are characterized by cognitive impairment and other neurological defects. The definite cause of and pathways underlying the progression of these NDDs are not well-defined. Several mechanisms have been proposed to contribute to the development of NDDs. These mechanisms may proceed concurrently or successively, and they differ among cell types at different developmental stages in distinct brain regions. The endocannabinoid system, which involves cannabinoid receptors type 1 (CB1R) and type 2 (CB2R), endogenous cannabinoids and the enzymes that catabolize these compounds, has been shown to contribute to the development of NDDs in several animal models and human studies. In this review, we discuss the functions of the endocannabinoid system in NDDs and converse the therapeutic efficacy of targeting the endocannabinoid system to rescue NDDs.
摘要
大多数神经退行性疾病（NDDs）的特征是认知障碍和其他神经缺陷。这些NDDs进展的确切原因和潜在途径尚未明确。已经提出了几种机制来促成NDDs的发展。这些机制可能同时或相继发生，并且在不同脑区不同发育阶段的细胞类型之间存在差异。内源性大麻素系统涉及1型大麻素受体（CB1R）和2型大麻素受体（CB2R）、内源性大麻素以及分解这些化合物的酶，在一些动物模型和人体研究中已表明其促成了NDDs的发展。在本综述中，我们讨论了内源性大麻素系统在NDDs中的功能，并探讨了靶向内源性大麻素系统来挽救NDDs的治疗效果。
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