Centro de Investigaciones Costeras-Universidad de Atacama (CIC-UDA), Avenida Copayapu, Copiapó, Chile.
Department of Earth Sciences & Research Center of Natural Resources, Health and the Environment, University of Huelva, 21071 Huelva, Spain.
J Hazard Mater. 2017 Sep 15;338:466-471. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2017.05.052. Epub 2017 Jun 4.
Lanthanide series have been used as a record of the water-rock interaction and work as a tool for identifying impacts of acid mine drainage (lixiviate residue derived from sulphide oxidation). The application of North-American Shale Composite-normalized rare earth elements patterns to these minority elements allows determining the origin of the contamination. In the current study, geochemical patterns were applied to rare earth elements bioaccumulated in the soft tissue of the freshwater clam Corbicula fluminea after exposure to different acid mine drainage contaminated environments. Results show significant bioaccumulation of rare earth elements in soft tissue of the clam after 14 days of exposure to acid mine drainage contaminated sediment (ΣREE=1.3-8μg/gdw). Furthermore, it was possible to biomonitor different degrees of contamination based on rare earth elements in tissue. The pattern of this type of contamination describes a particular curve characterized by an enrichment in the middle rare earth elements; a homologous pattern (E=0.90) has also been observed when applied NASC normalization in clam tissues. Results of lanthanides found in clams were contrasted with the paucity of toxicity studies, determining risk caused by light rare earth elements in the Odiel River close to the Estuary. The current study purposes the use of clam as an innovative "bio-tool" for the biogeochemical monitoring of pollution inputs that determines the acid mine drainage networks affection.
镧系元素系列已被用作水岩相互作用的记录，并被用作识别酸性矿山排水（硫化物氧化产生的浸出残渣）影响的工具。将北美的页岩综合标准化稀土元素模式应用于这些微量元素，可以确定污染的来源。在本研究中，地球化学模式被应用于淡水贻贝 Corbicula fluminea 软体组织中生物积累的稀土元素，这些贻贝暴露于不同的受酸性矿山排水污染的环境中。结果表明，贻贝软体组织在接触受酸性矿山排水污染的沉积物 14 天后，对稀土元素有明显的生物积累（ΣREE=1.3-8μg/gdw）。此外，根据组织中的稀土元素，可以对不同程度的污染进行生物监测。这种类型的污染模式描述了一种特殊的曲线，其特征是中稀土元素的富集；当在贻贝组织中应用 NASC 归一化时，也观察到了同源模式（E=0.90）。贻贝中发现的镧系元素的结果与毒性研究的缺乏形成对比，确定了奥迭尔河靠近河口处轻稀土元素造成的风险。本研究的目的是利用贻贝作为一种创新的“生物工具”，用于生物地球化学监测污染输入，从而确定酸性矿山排水网络的影响。
