Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Peshawar, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan.
Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Peshawar, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan; Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2017 Dec 1;601-602:1591-1605. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.06.030. Epub 2017 Jun 9.
Cadmium (Cd) contamination of soil and food crops is a ubiquitous environmental problem that has resulted from uncontrolled industrialization, unsustainable urbanization and intensive agricultural practices. Being a toxic element, Cd poses high threats to soil quality, food safety, and human health. Land is the ultimate source of waste disposal and utilization therefore, Cd released from different sources (natural and anthropogenic), eventually reaches soil, and then subsequently bio-accumulates in food crops. The stabilization of Cd in contaminated soil using organic amendments is an environmentally friendly and cost effective technique used for remediation of moderate to high contaminated soil. Globally, substantial amounts of organic waste are generated every day that can be used as a source of nutrients, and also as conditioners to improve soil quality. This review paper focuses on the sources, generation, and use of different organic amendments to remediate Cd contaminated soil, discusses their effects on soil physical and chemical properties, Cd bioavailability, plant uptake, and human health risk. Moreover, it also provides an update of the most relevant findings about the application of organic amendments to remediate Cd contaminated soil and associated mechanisms. Finally, future research needs and directions for the remediation of Cd contaminated soil using organic amendments are discussed.
土壤和农作物中的镉（Cd）污染是一个普遍存在的环境问题，它是由于不受控制的工业化、不可持续的城市化和集约化农业实践造成的。镉作为一种有毒元素，对土壤质量、食品安全和人类健康构成了高威胁。土地是废物处理和利用的最终来源，因此，来自不同来源（自然和人为）的镉最终会进入土壤，并随后在农作物中生物累积。利用有机改良剂稳定污染土壤中的镉是一种环保且经济有效的技术，用于修复中等到高度污染的土壤。在全球范围内，每天都会产生大量的有机废物，这些废物可用作营养物质的来源，也可用作改善土壤质量的调节剂。本综述论文重点讨论了不同有机改良剂的来源、产生和用途，以修复镉污染土壤，讨论了它们对土壤物理和化学性质、镉生物可利用性、植物吸收和人类健康风险的影响。此外，还介绍了有关有机改良剂在修复镉污染土壤及其相关机制方面的最新研究成果。最后，讨论了利用有机改良剂修复镉污染土壤的未来研究需求和方向。
