Calder Dale R
Department of Natural History, Royal Ontario Museum, 100 Queen's Park, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 2C6. Research Associate, Royal British Columbia Museum, 675 Belleville Street, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada V8W 9W2..
Zootaxa. 2017 Apr 24;4256(1):1-86. doi: 10.11646/zootaxa.4256.1.1.
Two new species of hydroids, Eudendrium bleakneyi and Halecium praeparvum, are described from the Bay of Fundy. Fourteen others, Tubularia acadiae Petersen, 1990, Coryne pusilla Gaertner, 1774, Sarsia lovenii (M. Sars, 1846), Zanclea implexa (Alder, 1856), Corydendrium dispar Kramp, 1935, Rhizogeton fusiformis L. Agassiz, 1862, Bougainvillia muscus (Allman, 1863), Rhizorhagium roseum M. Sars, in G.O. Sars, 1874, Hydractinia symbiolongicarpus Buss & Yund, 1989, Eudendrium vaginatum Allman, 1863, Tiaropsis multicirrata (M. Sars, 1835), Obelia bidentata S.F. Clark, 1875, Halecium marsupiale Bergh, 1887, and Sertularella gigantea Hincks, 1874, are reported, with collection data, for the first time from the bay. All but Coryne pusilla, Rhizorhagium roseum, Eudendrium vaginatum, and Sertularella gigantea are also new to Atlantic Canada, while Zanclea implexa, Corydendrium dispar, and Halecium marsupiale are reported for the first time in the western North Atlantic. Two of those species, Hydractinia symbiolongicarpus and Obelia bidentata, are disjunct in distribution, with core populations occurring in warmer waters to the south of Cape Cod, Massachusetts. Both were discovered in Minas Basin, a hydrographically distinct embayment where surface water temperatures are much warmer during summer than in the perpetually cold lower Bay of Fundy. Rhizorhagium roseum and the subfamily Rhizorhagiinae are transferred from family Bougainvilliidae Lütken, 1850 to Pandeidae Haeckel, 1879. An annotated checklist of hydroids from the Fundy region, based on previously published reports and on new records of species, is added as an appendix. Included in the checklist are 43 species of anthoathecates and 75 species of leptothecates, referable to 30 families and 56 genera. Families with the most species were Sertulariidae (23), Haleciidae (13), Eudendriidae (11), and Obeliidae (10). Biogeographically, the aggregate hydroid fauna of the bay conforms with that occurring in other parts of the Western Atlantic Boreal Region. Halecium permodicum is proposed as a replacement name for Halecium minor Fraser, 1935, an invalid junior homonym of H. minor Pictet, 1893.
本文描述了发现于芬迪湾的两种新水螅物种，即布莱克利氏真枝螅（Eudendrium bleakneyi）和前细小海螅（Halecium praeparvum）。首次报告了另外14种水螅，包括1990年发现的阿卡迪亚管螅（Tubularia acadiae Petersen）、1774年发现的微小棒螅（Coryne pusilla Gaertner）、1846年发现的洛氏萨氏水母（Sarsia lovenii (M. Sars)）、1856年发现的缠结美螅水母（Zanclea implexa (Alder)）、1935年发现的不等棒螅（Corydendrium dispar Kramp）、1862年发现的梭形根螅（Rhizogeton fusiformis L. Agassiz）、1863年发现的苔藓角珊瑚（Bougainvillia muscus (Allman)）、1874年发现的玫瑰根螅水母（Rhizorhagium roseum M. Sars, in G.O. Sars）、1989年发现的共生长腕水螅（Hydractinia symbiolongicarpus Buss & Yund）、1863年发现的具鞘真枝螅（Eudendrium vaginatum Allman）、1835年发现的多环拟螅（Tiaropsis multicirrata (M. Sars)）、1875年发现的双齿薮枝螅（Obelia bidentata S.F. Clark）、1887年发现的育儿海螅（Halecium marsupiale Bergh）以及1874年发现的巨型小枝螅（Sertularella gigantea Hincks），并给出了采集数据。除微小棒螅、玫瑰根螅水母、具鞘真枝螅和巨型小枝螅外，其他所有物种对加拿大大西洋地区来说也是新物种，而缠结美螅水母、不等棒螅和育儿海螅是在北大西洋西部首次被报告。其中两种物种，即共生长腕水螅和双齿薮枝螅，分布不连续，核心种群出现在马萨诸塞州科德角以南的温暖水域。这两种物种均在米纳斯盆地被发现，该盆地在水文上独具特色，夏季地表水温度比常年寒冷的芬迪湾下游要高得多。玫瑰根螅水母和根螅水母亚科从1850年的角珊瑚科（Bougainvilliidae Lütken）被转移至1879年的盘螅科（Pandeidae Haeckel）。附录中增加了一份基于先前发表的报告和新物种记录的芬迪湾地区水螅注释清单。该清单包括43种花裸螅目和75种软水母目，隶属于30个科和56个属。物种数量最多的科为小枝螅科（23种）、海螅科（13种）、真枝螅科（11种）和薮枝螅科（10种）。从生物地理学角度来看，该湾的水螅动物区系与西大西洋北方地区其他部分的相符。提议用持久海螅（Halecium permodicum）取代1935年命名的微小海螅（Halecium minor Fraser），因为后者是1893年皮克泰命名的微小海螅（H. minor Pictet）的无效次同名。
