Department of Natural History, Royal Ontario Museum, 100 Queens Park, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 2C6. Research Associate, Royal British Columbia Museum, 675 Belleville Street, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada V8W 9W2.
ath Sciences Division, Leeward Community College, Pearl City, Hawaii, 96782, USA.
Zootaxa. 2021 Dec 24;5085(1):1-73. doi: 10.11646/zootaxa.5085.1.1.
Forty-two species of hydroids, excluding stylasterids, are reported in the present collection from the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands. Of these, four are anthoathecates and 38 are leptothecates. Among the latter, Sertularella affinicostata and Monotheca gibbosa are described as new species. The binomen Halopteris longibrachia is proposed as a new replacement name for Plumularia polymorpha var. sibogae Billard, 1913, an invalid junior primary homonym of P. sibogae Billard, 1911. Based largely on evidence from earlier molecular phylogenies, the genus Disertasia Neppi, 1917 is resurrected to accommodate species including Dynamena crisioides Lamouroux, 1824, Sertularia disticha Bosc, 1802, and Sia. moluccana Pictet, 1893. Sertularella robusta Coughtrey, 1876 is an invalid junior primary homonym of Sla. gayi var. robusta Allman, 1874a, and has been replaced here by the binomen Sla. quasiplana Trebilcock, 1928, originally described as Sla. robusta var. quasiplana Trebilcock, 1928. Clytia hummelincki (Leloup, 1935) is referred to the synonymy of its senior subjective synonym, C. brevithecata (Thornely, 1900). Following Reversal of Precedence provisions in the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature to preserve prevailing usage of binomena, the familiar names Sia. disticha Bosc, 1802 (also known as Dynamena disticha) and Lytocarpia phyteuma (Stechow, 1919b) are designated nomena protecta and assigned precedence over their virtually unknown senior synonyms Hydra quinternana Bosc, 1797 and Aglaophenia clavicula Whitelegge, 1899, respectively, names now reduced to the status of nomena oblita. Twenty species are reported for the first time from Hawaii [Eudendrium merulum Watson, 1985, Phialellidae (undetermined), Hebella sp., Hebellopsis scandens (Bale, 1888), H. sibogae Billard, 1942, Clytia brevithecata, C. linearis (Thornely, 1900), C. cf. noliformis (McCrady, 1859), Halecium sp., Sla. affinicostata, Sla. angulosa Bale, 1894, Pasya heterodonta (Jarvis, 1922), Tridentata orthogonalis (Gibbons Ryland, 1989), Pycnotheca producta (Bale, 1881), Monotheca gibbosa, H. longibrachia, A. postdentata Billard, 1913, A. suensonii Jderholm, 1896, A. whiteleggei Bale, 1888, and L. flexuosa (Lamouroux, 1816)]. Sertularia orthogonalis, reported for only the third time worldwide, is assigned to the genus Tridentata Stechow, 1920. Hydroids of the NOWRAMP 2002 collection consisted largely of presumptive widespread species, with over 75% of them having been reported elsewhere in the tropical Indo-west Pacific region.
本研究共记录了西北夏威夷群岛的 42 种水螅虫，不包括石珊瑚。其中 4 种为萼花水螅体，38 种为辐射水螅体。在后者中，Sertularella affinicostata 和 Monotheca gibbosa 被描述为新种。将 Halopteris longibrachia 作为 Plumularia polymorpha var. sibogae Billard, 1913 的新替代名提出，后者是 Plumularia sibogae Billard, 1911 的无效初级同物异名。基于早期分子系统发育的大量证据，将 Disertasia Neppi, 1917 属复活，以容纳包括 Dynamena crisioides Lamouroux, 1824、Sertularia disticha Bosc, 1802 和 Sia. moluccana Pictet, 1893 在内的物种。Sertularella robusta Coughtrey, 1876 是 Sla. gayi var. robusta Allman, 1874a 的无效初级同物异名，已被 Trebilcock, 1928 最初描述为 Sla. quasiplana 的替代名，即 Sla. quasiplana Trebilcock, 1928。Clytia hummelincki (Leloup, 1935) 被归入其高级主观同义词 C. brevithecata (Thornely, 1900) 的同义词。根据《国际动物命名法规》的优先权逆转条款，以保留惯用的二名法名称，将 Sia. disticha Bosc, 1802（也称为 Dynamena disticha）和 Lytocarpia phyteuma (Stechow, 1919b) 这两个熟悉的名称指定为保护名称，并赋予它们比其几乎不为人知的高级同义词 Hydra quinternana Bosc, 1797 和 Aglaophenia clavicula Whitelegge, 1899 更高的优先权，后两者现在降级为废弃名称。有 20 种物种是首次从夏威夷报告的[Eudendrium merulum Watson, 1985, Phialellidae (未确定)、Hebella sp.、Hebellopsis scandens (Bale, 1888)、H. sibogae Billard, 1942、Clytia brevithecata、C. linearis (Thornely, 1900)、C. cf. noliformis (McCrady, 1859)、Halecium sp.、Sla. affinicostata、Sla. angulosa Bale, 1894、Pasya heterodonta (Jarvis, 1922)、Tridentata orthogonalis (Gibbons Ryland, 1989)、Pycnotheca producta (Bale, 1881)、Monotheca gibbosa、H. longibrachia、A. postdentata Billard, 1913、A. suensonii Jderholm, 1896、A. whiteleggei Bale, 1888 和 L. flexuosa (Lamouroux, 1816)]。Sertularia orthogonalis，这是第三次在全球范围内报道，被归入 Tridentata Stechow, 1920 属。NOWRAMP 2002 采集的水螅虫主要由假定的广布种组成，其中超过 75%的物种在热带印度-西太平洋地区的其他地方有报道。
