Whitfield J B, Martin N G
Enzyme. 1985;33(2):61-9. doi: 10.1159/000469408.
The causes of individuality of the plasma enzymes alanine aminotransferase (ALT; EC 2.6.1.2), aspartate aminotransferase (AST; EC 2.6.1.1) and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT; EC 2.3.2.2) were investigated in a study of 206 pairs of twins. Between-person variance was greater in men than women, while within-person variation was similar in both sexes. Plasma ALT and AST levels were affected by genetic factors, while GGT was affected by some environmental factor shared by co-twins. In the men, alcohol intake had a significant but small effect on all three enzyme levels, and since alcohol consumption was highly heritable, this appeared as a genetic influence on enzyme activities. The major factors involved in the observed correlations between these enzymes were a non-shared environmental factor other than alcohol affecting ALT, AST and GGT, and a genetic factor affecting only ALT and AST.
在一项对206对双胞胎的研究中，对血浆酶丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT；EC 2.6.1.2）、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶（AST；EC 2.6.1.1）和γ-谷氨酰转移酶（GGT；EC 2.3.2.2）个体差异的原因进行了调查。男性的个体间差异大于女性，而个体内差异在两性中相似。血浆ALT和AST水平受遗传因素影响，而GGT受双胞胎共同具有的一些环境因素影响。在男性中，酒精摄入对所有三种酶水平均有显著但较小的影响，由于饮酒具有高度遗传性，这表现为对酶活性的遗传影响。这些酶之间观察到的相关性所涉及的主要因素是除酒精外影响ALT、AST和GGT的非共享环境因素，以及仅影响ALT和AST的遗传因素。
