Whitehead T P, Robinson D, Allaway S L
BUPA Research and Clinical Audit, London, UK.
Ann Clin Biochem. 1996 Nov;33 ( Pt 6):530-5. doi: 10.1177/000456329603300607.
The separate and joint effects of cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption on serum activities of the enzymes aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) were investigated in 46,775 men attending the BUPA Health Screening Centre in London during the period 1983-1987, after allowing for differences in age, body mass index and exercise level. As expected, all showed a significant positive correlation with alcohol consumption. Cigarette smoking produced a significant increase in GGT activity in all drinking categories bar teetotallers, particularly for those smoking more than 20 cigarettes per day. There were no changes of clinical significance in AST or ALT activities with smoking. We postulate that the combined effects of alcohol and smoking on GGT activity are a result of induction of the enzyme by both alcohol and nicotine. Smoking as well as drinking habits should be taken into account when assessing the significance of an individual's enzyme activities.
在1983年至1987年期间，对伦敦保柏健康筛查中心的46775名男性进行了研究，在考虑年龄、体重指数和运动水平差异后，调查了吸烟和饮酒对血清天冬氨酸氨基转移酶（AST）、丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）和γ-谷氨酰转移酶（GGT）活性的单独及联合影响。正如预期的那样，所有这些酶的活性都与饮酒量呈显著正相关。除了戒酒者外，吸烟使所有饮酒类别中的GGT活性显著增加，尤其是对于那些每天吸烟超过20支的人。吸烟对AST或ALT活性没有产生具有临床意义的变化。我们推测，酒精和吸烟对GGT活性的联合影响是酒精和尼古丁对该酶诱导的结果。在评估个体酶活性的意义时，应同时考虑吸烟和饮酒习惯。
