Enrico Paolo, Diana Marco
Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of SassariSassari, Italy.
'G. Minardi' Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of SassariSassari, Italy.
Front Behav Neurosci. 2017 May 30;11:97. doi: 10.3389/fnbeh.2017.00097. eCollection 2017.
Over the last 20 years researchers have explored the postulated role of acetaldehyde (ACD) as a mediator of some of the actions of ethanol (EtOH) in the central nervous system (CNS). However, efforts have been hampered mainly by the difficulty of directly measuring EtOH and ACD levels in the CNS and thus, our knowledge is based on indirect evidences. Although technically challenging, the development of reliable methods for measurement of ACD and EtOH is of paramount importance to solve the "" In this short review we discuss the recent advances on brain EtOH pharmacokinetic and state-of-the-art available techniques that could be used for detect EtOH and ACD both non-invasively (magnetic resonance spectroscopy), and invasively (microdialysis and biosensors). Among the different sampling techniques described, particular emphasis is paid to the field of enzyme-based amperometric biosensors. Biosensors have gained much attention in recent years for their ability to online monitor biological signals , and several micro- and nano-structured devices have been successfully used for studies. Owing to their high temporal and spatial resolution, biosensors could provide the adequate technology for studying EtOH pharmacokinetic.
在过去20年里，研究人员探讨了乙醛（ACD）作为乙醇（EtOH）在中枢神经系统（CNS）中某些作用的介质的假定作用。然而，主要由于难以直接测量中枢神经系统中的乙醇和乙醛水平，这些努力受到了阻碍，因此，我们的认识基于间接证据。尽管在技术上具有挑战性，但开发可靠的乙醇和乙醛测量方法对于解决这一问题至关重要。在这篇简短的综述中，我们讨论了脑乙醇药代动力学的最新进展以及可用于非侵入性（磁共振波谱）和侵入性（微透析和生物传感器）检测乙醇和乙醛的最新技术。在所描述的不同采样技术中，特别强调了基于酶的安培生物传感器领域。近年来，生物传感器因其能够在线监测生物信号而备受关注，并且几种微结构和纳米结构装置已成功用于相关研究。由于其高时间和空间分辨率，生物传感器可为研究乙醇药代动力学提供合适的技术。
