Rost-Roszkowska M M, Kszuk-Jendrysik M, Marchewka A, Poprawa I
Department of Animal Histology and Embryology, University of Silesia, Bankowa 9, 40-007, Katowice, Poland.
Protoplasma. 2018 Jan;255(1):43-55. doi: 10.1007/s00709-017-1131-y. Epub 2017 Jun 14.
The midgut of millipedes is composed of a simple epithelium that rests on a basal lamina, which is surrounded by visceral muscles and hepatic cells. As the material for our studies, we chose Telodeinopus aoutii (Demange, 1971) (Kenyan millipede) (Diplopoda, Spirostreptida), which lives in the rain forests of Central Africa. This commonly reared species is easy to obtain from local breeders and easy to culture in the laboratory. During our studies, we used transmission and scanning electron microscopes and light and fluorescent microscopes. The midgut epithelium of the species examined here shares similarities to the structure of the millipedes analyzed to date. The midgut epithelium is composed of three types of cells-digestive, secretory, and regenerative cells. Evidence of three types of secretion have been observed in the midgut epithelium: merocrine, apocrine, and microapocrine secretion. The regenerative cells of the midgut epithelium in millipedes fulfill the role of midgut stem cells because of their main functions: self-renewal (the ability to divide mitotically and to maintain in an undifferentiated state) and potency (ability to differentiate into digestive cells). We also confirmed that spot desmosomes are common intercellular junctions between the regenerative and digestive cells in millipedes.
千足虫的中肠由一层简单的上皮细胞组成，该上皮细胞位于基膜上，基膜被内脏肌肉和肝细胞包围。作为我们研究的材料，我们选择了奥氏端足千足虫（德芒热，1971年）（肯尼亚千足虫）（倍足纲，螺旋链目），它生活在中非的雨林中。这种常见的养殖物种很容易从当地养殖者那里获得，并且易于在实验室中培养。在我们的研究过程中，我们使用了透射电子显微镜、扫描电子显微镜、光学显微镜和荧光显微镜。这里所研究的该物种的中肠上皮与迄今为止分析过的千足虫的结构有相似之处。中肠上皮由三种类型的细胞组成——消化细胞、分泌细胞和再生细胞。在中肠上皮中观察到了三种分泌类型的证据：局部分泌、顶浆分泌和微顶浆分泌。千足虫中肠上皮的再生细胞因其主要功能——自我更新（有丝分裂分裂并维持未分化状态的能力）和潜能（分化为消化细胞的能力）——而履行中肠干细胞的作用。我们还证实，点状桥粒是千足虫再生细胞和消化细胞之间常见的细胞间连接。
