Olewnik Ł, Wysiadecki G, Polguj M, Waśniewska A, Jankowski M, Topol M
Department of Normal and Clinical Anatomy, Interfaculty Chair of Anatomy and Histology, Medical University of Lodz, Poland.
Department of Angiology, Interfaculty Chair of Anatomy and Histology, Medical University of Lodz, Poland.
Folia Morphol (Warsz). 2017;76(4):660-667. doi: 10.5603/FM.a2017.0053. Epub 2017 Jun 14.
The coeliac trunk (CT) is major visceral branch of the abdominal aorta. Familiarity with anatomic variations of the CT is relevant for planning radiological and surgical procedures. The aim of our research was determining variations of the CT, including the occurrence of accessory hepatic arteries (AHA).
Forty cadavers were studied. Six patterns of CT branching were observed in this study. AHA were observed in 7 (17.5%) specimens. The most prevalent variation was normal trifurcation, accounting for 62.5% of cases. The rarest variation was absence of the CT, with an incidence of 2.5%. In this variant the left gastric artery, the common hepatic artery, and the splenic artery branched directly off the abdominal aorta.
The study material allowed to distinguish two CT branching patterns which, to the best of our knowledge, have not been reported before. It was a type with four branches originating from the CT: the left gastric artery, the common hepatic artery, the splenic artery, and right AHA. The other previously unreported pattern variant was the CT which gave off three branches: the common hepatic artery, the splenic artery and right AHA.
The average distance between the aortic hiatus and the coeliac trunk calculated for all the cadavers amounted to 54 ± 11.85 mm. The average distance between the CT and the superior mesenteric artery was 11.1 ± 7.7 mm.
腹腔干（CT）是腹主动脉的主要内脏分支。熟悉CT的解剖变异对于规划放射学和外科手术至关重要。我们研究的目的是确定CT的变异情况，包括副肝动脉（AHA）的发生情况。
对40具尸体进行了研究。本研究中观察到6种CT分支模式。在7例（17.5%）标本中观察到AHA。最常见的变异是正常三叉分支，占病例的62.5%。最罕见的变异是CT缺如，发生率为2.5%。在这种变异中，胃左动脉、肝总动脉和脾动脉直接从腹主动脉分支。
研究材料使我们能够区分出两种据我们所知此前未报道过的CT分支模式。一种是CT发出4支分支的类型：胃左动脉、肝总动脉、脾动脉和右AHA。另一种此前未报道过的模式变异是CT发出3支分支：肝总动脉、脾动脉和右AHA。
所有尸体计算得出的主动脉裂孔与腹腔干之间的平均距离为54±11.85mm。腹腔干与肠系膜上动脉之间的平均距离为11.1±7.7mm。
