Romo-Romo Alonso, Aguilar-Salinas Carlos A, Gómez-Díaz Rita A, Brito-Córdova Griselda X, Gómez-Velasco Donají V, López-Rocha María J, Almeda-Valdés Paloma
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico.
Medical Research Unit in Clinical Epidemiology, UMAE Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Mexico City, Mexico.
Rev Invest Clin. 2017 May-Jun;69(3):129-138. doi: 10.24875/ric.17002141.
There is ongoing debate concerning non-nutritive sweeteners, their usage, and their effects on metabolism. The association between non-nutritive sweeteners consumption, development of metabolic diseases, and changes in appetite-regulating hormones is not clear. The aim of this article is to present an overview of non-nutritive sweeteners and to examine the scientific evidence of their effects on glucose metabolism and appetite-regulating hormones. Some observational studies suggest an association between non-nutritive sweeteners consumption and development of metabolic diseases; however, adiposity is a confounder frequently found in these studies. Results of the available clinical trials are heterogeneous and not comparable because of major differences between them. Future controlled studies evaluating specific non-nutritive sweeteners, with an appropriate sample size, including a uniform study group, with sufficient exposure time, and considering adjustment for confounder variables, such as anthropometric characteristics, previous consumption of non-nutritive sweeteners, and coexistence of significant metabolic comorbidities, are needed.
关于非营养性甜味剂、它们的使用及其对新陈代谢的影响，目前仍存在争议。非营养性甜味剂的消费与代谢疾病的发展以及食欲调节激素的变化之间的关联尚不清楚。本文的目的是概述非营养性甜味剂，并审视有关其对葡萄糖代谢和食欲调节激素影响的科学证据。一些观察性研究表明非营养性甜味剂的消费与代谢疾病的发展之间存在关联；然而，肥胖是这些研究中经常发现的一个混杂因素。现有临床试验的结果参差不齐且不可比，因为它们之间存在重大差异。未来需要进行对照研究，评估特定的非营养性甜味剂，要有适当的样本量，包括一个统一的研究组，有足够的暴露时间，并考虑对混杂变量进行调整，如人体测量特征、先前非营养性甜味剂的消费情况以及重大代谢合并症的共存情况。
