Doukrou Montserrat, Segal Terry Yvonne
Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
Arch Dis Child Educ Pract Ed. 2018 Feb;103(1):15-19. doi: 10.1136/archdischild-2016-311553. Epub 2017 Jun 14.
Adolescents undergo a period of biological, social and psychosocial development, and each of these domains impacts each other. Psychosocial areas of concern often emerge over the adolescent period (such as mental health conditions, drug use and risky sexual behaviour); those with chronic illness being at higher risk. The paper aims to guide health practitioners on when and how to approach the psychosocial interview with young people and assess areas of risk or concern. This will include putting them at ease, developing rapport, seeing them alone and explaining confidentiality before commencing the assessment. Home, Education/Employment, Eating, Activities, Drugs, Sexuality, Suicidal ideation and Safety (HEEADSSS) is a recognised psychosocial interview framework that allows a better understanding of the young person's situation and what their specific needs may be. By exploring each section in turn briefly or more fully, it gives the professional an overall impression of the young person's life and any risky behaviours or concerns. This systematic structure should develop an easily accessible approach to adolescents as a group of patients whatever their developmental stage.
青少年经历一个生理、社会和心理社会发展的时期，这些领域中的每一个都相互影响。令人担忧的心理社会问题往往在青少年时期出现（如心理健康状况、药物使用和危险性行为）；慢性病患者面临的风险更高。本文旨在指导健康从业者何时以及如何与年轻人进行心理社会访谈，并评估风险或关注领域。这将包括让他们放松、建立融洽关系、单独会见他们以及在开始评估前解释保密事宜。家庭、教育/就业、饮食、活动、药物、性取向、自杀意念和安全（HEEADSSS）是一个公认的心理社会访谈框架，它有助于更好地了解年轻人的情况以及他们可能的具体需求。通过依次简要或更全面地探讨每个部分，它能让专业人员对年轻人的生活以及任何危险行为或问题有一个总体印象。这种系统结构应为作为患者群体的青少年开发一种易于采用的方法，无论他们处于何种发育阶段。
