Escalas Arthur, Troussellier Marc, Yuan Tong, Bouvier Thierry, Bouvier Corinne, Mouchet Maud A, Flores Hernandez Domingo, Ramos Miranda Julia, Zhou Jizhong, Mouillot David
Institute for Environmental Genomics and Department of Microbiology and Plant Biology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, 73019, USA.
UMR 9190 MARBEC, IRD-CNRS-UM-IFREMER, Université Montpellier, 34095 Montpellier Cedex, France.
Environ Microbiol. 2017 Aug;19(8):3268-3282. doi: 10.1111/1462-2920.13822. Epub 2017 Jul 17.
This article explores the functional diversity and redundancy in a bacterial metacommunity constituted of three habitats (sediment, water column and fish gut) in a coastal lagoon under anthropogenic pressure. Comprehensive functional gene arrays covering a wide range of ecological processes and stress resistance genes to estimate the functional potential of bacterial communities were used. Then, diversity partitioning was used to characterize functional diversity and redundancy within (α), between (β) and across (γ) habitats. It was showed that all local communities exhibit a highly diversified potential for the realization of key ecological processes and resistance to various environmental conditions, supporting the growing evidence that macro-organisms microbiomes harbour a high functional potential and are integral components of functional gene dynamics in aquatic bacterial metacommunities. Several levels of functional redundancy at different scales of the bacterial metacommunity were observed (within local communities, within habitats and at the metacommunity level). The results suggested a high potential for the realization of spatial ecological insurance within this ecosystem, that is, the functional compensation among microorganisms for the realization and maintenance of key ecological processes, within and across habitats. Finally, the role of macro-organisms as dispersal vectors of microbes and their potential influence on marine metacommunity dynamics were discussed.
本文探讨了在人为压力下沿海泻湖由三个栖息地（沉积物、水柱和鱼肠道）构成的细菌元群落中的功能多样性和冗余性。使用了涵盖广泛生态过程和抗逆基因的综合功能基因阵列来估计细菌群落的功能潜力。然后，利用多样性划分来表征栖息地内部（α）、之间（β）和跨栖息地（γ）的功能多样性和冗余性。结果表明，所有局部群落对于关键生态过程的实现以及对各种环境条件的抗性都具有高度多样化的潜力，这支持了越来越多的证据，即大型生物的微生物群落具有很高的功能潜力，并且是水生细菌元群落中功能基因动态的重要组成部分。在细菌元群落的不同尺度上观察到了几个功能冗余水平（在局部群落内、栖息地内和元群落水平）。结果表明该生态系统内具有实现空间生态保险的高潜力，即微生物之间在栖息地内部和跨栖息地对于关键生态过程的实现和维持进行功能补偿。最后，讨论了大型生物作为微生物扩散载体的作用及其对海洋元群落动态的潜在影响。
