Frenken Thijs, Alacid Elisabet, Berger Stella A, Bourne Elizabeth C, Gerphagnon Mélanie, Grossart Hans-Peter, Gsell Alena S, Ibelings Bas W, Kagami Maiko, Küpper Frithjof C, Letcher Peter M, Loyau Adeline, Miki Takeshi, Nejstgaard Jens C, Rasconi Serena, Reñé Albert, Rohrlack Thomas, Rojas-Jimenez Keilor, Schmeller Dirk S, Scholz Bettina, Seto Kensuke, Sime-Ngando Télesphore, Sukenik Assaf, Van de Waal Dedmer B, Van den Wyngaert Silke, Van Donk Ellen, Wolinska Justyna, Wurzbacher Christian, Agha Ramsy
Department of Aquatic Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Droevendaalsesteeg 10, Wageningen, PB 6708, The Netherlands.
Departament de Biologia Marina i Oceanografia, Institut de Ciències del Mar (CSIC), Pg. Marítim de la Barceloneta, 37-49, Barcelona, 08003, Spain.
Environ Microbiol. 2017 Oct;19(10):3802-3822. doi: 10.1111/1462-2920.13827. Epub 2017 Jul 13.
Chytridiomycota, often referred to as chytrids, can be virulent parasites with the potential to inflict mass mortalities on hosts, causing e.g. changes in phytoplankton size distributions and succession, and the delay or suppression of bloom events. Molecular environmental surveys have revealed an unexpectedly large diversity of chytrids across a wide range of aquatic ecosystems worldwide. As a result, scientific interest towards fungal parasites of phytoplankton has been gaining momentum in the past few years. Yet, we still know little about the ecology of chytrids, their life cycles, phylogeny, host specificity and range. Information on the contribution of chytrids to trophic interactions, as well as co-evolutionary feedbacks of fungal parasitism on host populations is also limited. This paper synthesizes ideas stressing the multifaceted biological relevance of phytoplankton chytridiomycosis, resulting from discussions among an international team of chytrid researchers. It presents our view on the most pressing research needs for promoting the integration of chytrid fungi into aquatic ecology.
壶菌门（通常称为壶菌）可能是具有致病性的寄生虫，有能力导致宿主大量死亡，例如引起浮游植物大小分布和演替的变化，以及延迟或抑制水华事件。分子环境调查显示，在全球广泛的水生生态系统中，壶菌的多样性出乎意料地高。因此，在过去几年中，科学界对浮游植物真菌寄生虫的兴趣日益浓厚。然而，我们对壶菌的生态学、生命周期、系统发育、宿主特异性和分布范围仍然知之甚少。关于壶菌在营养相互作用中的作用以及真菌寄生对宿主种群的共同进化反馈的信息也很有限。本文综合了国际壶菌研究团队讨论中强调浮游植物壶菌病多方面生物学相关性的观点。它呈现了我们对于推动将壶菌融入水生生态学的最紧迫研究需求的看法。
