Lushin Viktor, Jaccard James, Ivaniushina Valeria, Alexandrov Daniel
New York University, 1 Washington Square North, New York, NY, 10003, United States.
New York University, 1 Washington Square North, New York, NY, 10003, United States.
Int J Drug Policy. 2017 Jul;45:48-55. doi: 10.1016/j.drugpo.2017.05.035. Epub 2017 Jun 13.
Working-class educational paths tend to be associated with elevated drinking. Little research has examined whether disproportionate alcohol use among vocationally oriented youth begins before or after the start of their vocational education. The present study analyzes a large sample of Russian middle-school students (N=1269; mean age=14.9), comparing the patterns of drinking among middle-schoolers oriented towards vocational educational, and their peers who do not plan a vocational education path. Results suggest that the orientation towards vocational education is associated with disproportionately high alcohol involvement among Russian middle-school students, even before they enter vocational schools. We studied if such difference could be partially explained by how youth orient towards extracurricular activities: discretionary peer time in risky contexts, reading for pleasure, working for pay, and religious activities. Reading demonstrated the strongest (negative) association with alcohol use, while religious activity unexpectedly revealed a positive (though weak) association with drinking. Research and policy implications are discussed.
工人阶级的教育路径往往与饮酒量增加有关。很少有研究探讨以职业为导向的青少年中不成比例的酒精使用是在他们开始职业教育之前还是之后开始的。本研究分析了大量俄罗斯中学生样本（N = 1269；平均年龄 = 14.9），比较了以职业教育为导向的中学生及其不打算走职业教育道路的同龄人之间的饮酒模式。结果表明，即使在俄罗斯中学生进入职业学校之前，对职业教育的倾向也与不成比例的高酒精参与度有关。我们研究了这种差异是否可以部分由青少年对课外活动的倾向来解释：在危险环境中的自由同伴时间、为乐趣而阅读、有偿工作和宗教活动。阅读与酒精使用呈现出最强的（负面）关联，而宗教活动出人意料地显示出与饮酒呈正（尽管微弱）关联。文中讨论了研究和政策方面的影响。
