Jollymore Ashlee, Haines Morgan J, Satterfield Terre, Johnson Mark S
Institute for Resources, Environment and Sustainability, University of British Columbia, AERL 4th Floor, 2202 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada.
Institute for Resources, Environment and Sustainability, University of British Columbia, AERL 4th Floor, 2202 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada; Department of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, University of British Columbia, 2020 - 2207 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada.
J Environ Manage. 2017 Sep 15;200:456-467. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2017.05.083.
Citizen science, where citizens play an active role in the scientific process, is increasingly used to expand the reach and scope of scientific research while also achieving engagement and educational goals. Despite the emergence of studies exploring data outcomes of citizen science, the process and experience of engaging with citizens and citizen-lead groups through participatory science is less explored. This includes how citizen perspectives alter data outcomes, a critical upshot given prevalent mistrust of citizen versus scientist data. This study uses a citizen science campaign investigating watershed impacts on water quality to interrogate the nature and implications of citizen involvement in producing scientifically and societally relevant data. Data representing scientific outcomes are presented alongside a series of vignettes that offer context regarding how, why, and where citizens engaged with the project. From these vignettes, six specific lessons are examined towards understanding how integration of citizen participation alters data outcomes relative to 'professional' science. In particular, elements of participant social identity (e.g., their motivation for participation), and contextual knowledge (e.g., of the research program itself) can shape participation and resulting data outcomes. Such scientific outcomes are particularly relevant given continued concerns regarding the quality of citizen data, which could hinder scientific acceptance of citizen sciences. Importantly, the potential for meaningful engagement with citizen and participants within citizen groups - given significant capacity within the community - represents a substantial and under-realized opportunity.
公民科学是指公民在科学过程中发挥积极作用，它越来越多地被用于扩大科学研究的范围和规模，同时实现参与和教育目标。尽管出现了一些探索公民科学数据成果的研究，但通过参与式科学与公民及公民主导的团体互动的过程和经验却较少被探讨。这包括公民的观点如何改变数据成果，鉴于普遍存在的对公民数据与科学家数据的不信任，这是一个关键结果。本研究利用一项公民科学活动来调查流域对水质的影响，以探究公民参与产生具有科学和社会相关性数据的性质及影响。代表科学成果的数据与一系列小插曲一同呈现，这些小插曲提供了关于公民如何、为何以及在何处参与该项目的背景信息。从这些小插曲中，研究了六个具体的经验教训，以理解公民参与的整合相对于“专业”科学是如何改变数据成果的。特别是，参与者的社会身份元素（例如他们参与的动机）和背景知识（例如对研究项目本身的了解）可以塑造参与情况和最终的数据成果。鉴于对公民数据质量的持续担忧，此类科学成果尤为重要，因为这可能会阻碍科学界对公民科学的接受。重要的是，鉴于社区内有巨大的能力，与公民及公民团体中的参与者进行有意义互动的潜力是一个巨大且尚未充分实现的机会。
