II. Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70550 Stuttgart, Germany.
Institut für Physik, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Staudingerweg 7-9, 55128 Mainz, Germany.
Phys Rev E. 2017 May;95(5-1):050103. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevE.95.050103. Epub 2017 May 22.
We apply the concept of a frequency-dependent effective temperature based on the fluctuation-dissipation ratio to a driven Brownian particle in a nonequilibrium steady state. Using this system as a thermostat for a weakly coupled harmonic oscillator, the oscillator thermalizes according to a canonical distribution at the respective effective temperature across the entire frequency spectrum. By turning the oscillator from a passive thermometer into a heat engine, we realize the cyclic extraction of work from a single thermal reservoir, which is feasible only due to its nonequilibrium nature.
我们将基于涨落耗散比的频率相关有效温度的概念应用于非平衡稳态中的受迫布朗粒子。利用这个系统作为弱耦合谐振子的热库，谐振子根据各自的有效温度在整个频谱范围内热化，遵循正则分布。通过将谐振子从一个被动温度计转变为热机，我们实现了从单个热库中循环提取功的过程，这仅由于其非平衡性质才成为可能。
