Nordøy A, Davenas E, Ciavatti M, Renaud S
Biochim Biophys Acta. 1985 Jul 31;835(3):491-500. doi: 10.1016/0005-2760(85)90118-3.
Six groups of rats were fed diets containing 40% (by weight) lipids, mostly as saturated fatty acids (from 78 to 90%), with a basic amount of linoleic acid (18:2) (1.9%). In four groups, 5% of the saturated fats were substituted with an oil (vegetable: corn, rapeseed; or fish: cod liver, maxepa) and in one group 0.6% of the saturated fats was replaced by eicosapentaenoic acid ethyl ester. The diets supplied different amounts of 18:2 (1.9 to 10%), 18:3 (0.2 to 1.2%), 20:5 (n--3) (eicosapentaenoic acid) (0 to 1.3%) and 22:6(n--3) (0 to 1.6%). After 3-8 months on diets, platelet aggregation, plasma and platelet cholesterol, fatty acids and incorporation of [14C]acetate and [14C]arachidonate into platelet lipids were investigated. The three diets supplying eicosapentaenoic acid (1.3%) induced an approximately 80-fold increase in this fatty acid in plasma and platelet phospholipids, mainly at the expense of arachidonic acid. This was associated with an increase of the incorporation of arachidonic acid into platelet PE and PS. The incorporation of acetate in the (n--3) fatty-acid-fed animals was markedly increased into 22:5 and 22:6(n--3) at the expense of 22:4(n--6). Platelet aggregation induced by ADP was similar in the six groups. The response to thrombin was lower in animals fed corn and maxepa oils. Collagen aggregation tended to be lower in the fish-oil groups. Platelet aggregation to collagen was significantly negatively correlated to the level of eicosapentaenoic acid in platelet phospholipids, while the aggregation to thrombin was related to the level of 20:3(n--9). In the present study in rat, the (n--3) fatty acids added in small amounts to a saturated fat diet over a period of several months induced drastic changes in platelet lipid metabolism and composition without comparable effects on platelet behaviour.
将六组大鼠喂食含有40%（按重量计）脂质的饮食，其中大部分为饱和脂肪酸（78%至90%），并含有基本量的亚油酸（18:2）（1.9%）。在四组中，5%的饱和脂肪被一种油替代（植物油：玉米、油菜籽；或鱼油：鳕鱼肝、maxepa），在一组中，0.6%的饱和脂肪被二十碳五烯酸乙酯替代。这些饮食提供了不同量的18:2（1.9%至10%）、18:3（0.2%至1.2%）、20:5（n-3）（二十碳五烯酸）（0至1.3%）和22:6（n-3）（0至1.6%）。在喂食饮食3至8个月后，研究了血小板聚集、血浆和血小板胆固醇、脂肪酸以及[14C]乙酸盐和[14C]花生四烯酸盐掺入血小板脂质的情况。提供二十碳五烯酸（1.3%）的三种饮食导致血浆和血小板磷脂中该脂肪酸增加约80倍，主要是以花生四烯酸为代价。这与花生四烯酸掺入血小板PE和PS的增加有关。在喂食（n-3）脂肪酸的动物中，乙酸盐掺入22:5和22:6（n-3）显著增加，而22:4（n-6）减少。六组中ADP诱导的血小板聚集相似。喂食玉米油和maxepa油的动物对凝血酶的反应较低。鱼油组中胶原蛋白诱导的聚集倾向于较低。血小板对胶原蛋白的聚集与血小板磷脂中二十碳五烯酸的水平显著负相关，而对凝血酶的聚集与20:3（n-9）的水平有关。在本大鼠研究中，在几个月的时间里，向饱和脂肪饮食中少量添加（n-3）脂肪酸会引起血小板脂质代谢和组成的剧烈变化，但对血小板行为没有类似影响。
