Loosen Sven H, Neumann Ulf P, Trautwein Christian, Roderburg Christoph, Luedde Tom
1 Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Diseases and Intensive Care Medicine (Department of Medicine III), Division of GI Oncology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany.
2 Department of Surgery, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany.
Tumour Biol. 2017 Jun;39(6):1010428317692231. doi: 10.1177/1010428317692231.
Although pancreatic cancer is only the twelfth most common type of cancer in the world, it features a very unfavorable prognosis. The mortality rate almost equals the incidence rate, corroborating the very poor prognosis of pancreatic cancer. The 5-year survival rate for all stages of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is only 7%. Surgical resection represents the only potentially curative treatment option for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma patients but is often not feasible due to the advanced stage of the disease upon diagnosis. For advanced disease, palliative chemotherapy is the treatment of choice although the regimens available to date are untargeted and have extensive side-effect profiles, making them unsuitable for patients with a low performance status. For this reason, early detection of pancreatic cancer is essential in order to provide patients with an optimal therapeutic approach. Up to the present day, carbohydrate antigen 19-9 is the only diagnostic marker approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration but its diagnostic potential is limited due to its restricted sensitivity and specificity, supporting the urgent need for novel biomarkers. In addition, prognostic and treatment-predictive biomarkers might provide essential information regarding personalized treatment decisions for individual patients. In this article, we aim to review current and future diagnostic, prognostic, and treatment-predictive biomarkers for pancreatic cancer.
尽管胰腺癌在全球仅为第十二大常见癌症类型，但其预后极差。死亡率几乎等同于发病率，这证实了胰腺癌的预后非常糟糕。胰腺导管腺癌各阶段的5年生存率仅为7%。手术切除是胰腺导管腺癌患者唯一可能治愈的治疗选择，但由于诊断时疾病已处于晚期，往往不可行。对于晚期疾病，姑息化疗是首选治疗方法，尽管目前可用的方案缺乏针对性且副作用广泛，不适用于身体状况较差的患者。因此，早期发现胰腺癌对于为患者提供最佳治疗方法至关重要。直至今日，糖类抗原19-9是美国食品药品监督管理局批准的唯一诊断标志物，但其诊断潜力因敏感性和特异性有限而受到限制，这凸显了对新型生物标志物的迫切需求。此外，预后和治疗预测生物标志物可能为个体患者的个性化治疗决策提供重要信息。在本文中，我们旨在综述胰腺癌当前及未来的诊断、预后和治疗预测生物标志物。
