Mohtor Nur Hamizah, Othman Mohd Hafiz Dzarfan, Ismail Ahmad Fauzi, Rahman Mukhlis A, Jaafar Juhana, Hashim Nur Awanis
Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre (AMTEC), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia.
Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2017 Jul;24(19):15905-15917. doi: 10.1007/s11356-017-9341-6. Epub 2017 Jun 15.
Despite its extraordinary price, ceramic membrane can still be able to surpass polymeric membrane in the applications that require high temperature and pressure conditions, as well as harsh chemical environment. In order to alleviate the high cost of ceramic material that still becomes one of the major factors that contributes to the high production cost of ceramic membrane, various attempts have been made to use low cost ceramic materials as alternatives to well-known expensive ceramic materials such as alumina, silica, and zirconia in the fabrication of ceramic membrane. Thus, local Malaysian kaolin has been chosen as the ceramic material in this study for the preparation of kaolin hollow fibre membrane since it is inexpensive and naturally abundant in Malaysia. Due to the fact that the sintering process plays a prominent role in obtaining the desired morphology, properties, and performances of prepared ceramic membrane, the aim of this work was to study the effect of different sintering temperatures applied (ranging from 1200 to 1500 °C) in the preparation of kaolin hollow fibre membrane via dry/wet phase inversion-based spinning technique and sintering process. The morphology and properties of membrane were then characterised by SEM, AFM, FTIR, XRD, and three-point bending test, while the performances of membrane were investigated by conducting water permeation and Reactive Black 5 (RB5) dye rejection tests. From the experimental results obtained, the sintering temperature of 1400 °C could be selected as the optimum sintering temperature in preparing the kaolin hollow fibre membrane with the dense sponge-like structure of separation layer that resulted in the good mechanical strength of 70 MPa with the appreciable water permeation of 75 L/h m bar and RB5 rejection of 68%.
尽管陶瓷膜价格高昂，但在需要高温高压条件以及苛刻化学环境的应用中，它仍能超越聚合物膜。为了缓解陶瓷材料成本高昂这一仍是导致陶瓷膜生产成本居高不下的主要因素之一的问题，人们已进行了各种尝试，在陶瓷膜制造中使用低成本陶瓷材料替代诸如氧化铝、二氧化硅和氧化锆等知名昂贵陶瓷材料。因此，马来西亚本地高岭土被选作本研究中制备高岭土中空纤维膜的陶瓷材料，因为它价格低廉且在马来西亚天然储量丰富。由于烧结过程在获得制备的陶瓷膜所需的形态、性能和表现方面起着突出作用，这项工作的目的是研究通过基于干/湿相转化的纺丝技术和烧结过程制备高岭土中空纤维膜时，施加不同烧结温度（范围为1200至1500℃）的影响。然后通过扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、原子力显微镜（AFM）、傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）、X射线衍射（XRD）和三点弯曲试验对膜的形态和性能进行表征，同时通过进行水渗透和活性黑5（RB5）染料截留试验来研究膜的性能。从获得的实验结果来看，1400℃的烧结温度可被选为制备高岭土中空纤维膜的最佳烧结温度，所制备的膜具有致密的海绵状分离层结构，其机械强度良好，达70MPa，水通量可观，为75L/h·m·bar，对RB5的截留率为68%。
