Pan Qing, Liu Linlin, Wang Yongqiang, Zhang Yanping, Qi Xiaole, Liu Changjun, Gao Yulong, Wang Xiaomei, Cui Hongyu
a Division of Avian Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology , Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Harbin , People's Republic of China.
b Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses , Yangzhou , People's Republic of China.
Avian Pathol. 2017 Oct;46(5):571-578. doi: 10.1080/03079457.2017.1311006. Epub 2017 Jun 16.
In June 2015, an infectious disease with high prevalence causing severe hydropericardium syndrome (HPS) first appeared in duck farms of northeast China. The disease showed high morbidity of 35% and mortality of 15% in a commercial duck farm with 200,000 45-day-old ducks. One strain of hypervirulent fowl adenovirus serotype 4 was identified and designated as HLJDAd15. The whole genome of the duck isolate was sequenced and found to contain the same large deletions as a genotype that has become prevalent in chickens in China recently, indicating that this disease might be transmitted from chickens to ducks. The pathogenicity of HLJDAd15 was evaluated in SPF chickens and ducks. The results showed that chickens were more susceptible to this new genotype of fowl adenovirus, and it was more difficult to infect ducks than chickens with the duck origin virus. Thus, it appears that this severe HPS in ducks is far more likely to have been transmitted from chickens to ducks than from ducks to ducks. Therefore, transmission from chickens to ducks constitutes a threat to the duck farming industry, and this transmission route is a very important consideration for the prevention and control of the new genotype of fowl adenovirus. This is the first whole genome sequence of a FAdV-4 isolated from ducks, and this information is important for understanding the molecular characteristics and evolution of aviadenoviruses. The potential risks of infection with this new hypervirulent FAdV-4 genotype in chickens and ducks urgently require an effective vaccine.
2015年6月，一种高发病率的传染病首次出现在中国东北地区的鸭场，引发了严重的心包积水综合征（HPS）。在一个拥有20万只45日龄鸭子的商业鸭场中，该疾病的发病率高达35%，死亡率为15%。一株超强毒禽腺病毒4型被鉴定出来，并命名为HLJDAd15。对该鸭分离株的全基因组进行测序后发现，其包含与中国近期在鸡群中流行的一种基因型相同的大片段缺失，这表明这种疾病可能是由鸡传染给鸭的。对HLJDAd15在SPF鸡和鸭中的致病性进行了评估。结果表明，鸡对这种新型禽腺病毒基因型更易感，并且用鸭源病毒感染鸭比感染鸡更难。因此，看来鸭群中这种严重的心包积水综合征极有可能是由鸡传染给鸭，而非鸭之间相互传染。所以，从鸡到鸭的传播对养鸭业构成了威胁，并且这种传播途径是防控新型禽腺病毒基因型时非常重要的考虑因素。这是从鸭中分离出的FAdV-4的首个全基因组序列，该信息对于了解禽腺病毒的分子特征和进化具有重要意义。鸡和鸭感染这种新型超强毒FAdV-4基因型的潜在风险迫切需要有效的疫苗。
