J Acad Nutr Diet. 2017 Oct;117(10):1612-1617. doi: 10.1016/j.jand.2017.05.001. Epub 2017 Jun 15.
Registered dietitian nutritionists are trained to identify optimal food choices for clients based on medical state and lifestyle. Orthorexia nervosa (ON) is a proposed disorder related to obsessions about eating healthfully. Eating disorders (EDs) are serious mental illnesses with symptoms related to eating, body image, and self-esteem. Both ON and EDs are more common among RDNs than the general population.
This study examined the prevalence of ON and EDs in RDNs in the United States and, among this sample, assessed whether the presence of ON symptoms related to symptoms of EDs, including weight, shape, eating, and restraint.
A cross-sectional design compared responses for participants after dividing into three groups: those scoring at-risk for ON, those with a current or past ED, and a comparison group.
A sample of 2,500 RDNs were invited to complete surveys electronically; 636 responses were received.
Scores on the Orthorexia Nervosa Questionnaire (ORTO-15) and Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE-Q) determined prevalence of ON and EDs. Differences in these measures, and body mass index were compared among the three groups.
Analysis of variance and χ analyses were used to compare the groups.
For the entire sample, scores on the ORTO-15 suggested 49.5% were at risk for ON, and scores on the EDE-Q suggested 12.9% were at risk for an ED, with 8.2% of RDNs self-disclosing treatment for an ED. Both the group disclosing ED treatment and the group at risk for ON had a lower mean body mass index, lower scores on the ORTO-15, and higher scores on the EDE-Q and all its subscales than the comparison group.
Clarifying the relationship between ON and EDs is warranted because ON symptoms appear to be associated not only with disturbances in eating, but also with elevated shape and weight concerns.
注册营养师根据医学状况和生活方式为客户确定最佳的食物选择。饮食强迫症（ON）是一种与健康饮食有关的强迫观念相关的拟议障碍。饮食失调（ED）是一种严重的精神疾病，其症状与饮食、身体形象和自尊心有关。ON 和 ED 在注册营养师中的发生率均高于普通人群。
本研究在美国注册营养师中检查了 ON 和 ED 的患病率，并在该样本中评估了 ON 症状是否与 ED 症状（包括体重、体型、饮食和限制）相关。
横断面设计比较了将参与者分为三组后的反应：有 ON 症状风险的组、目前或过去有 ED 的组和对照组。
邀请了 2500 名注册营养师通过电子方式完成调查；收到了 636 份回复。
饮食强迫症问卷（ORTO-15）和饮食失调检查问卷（EDE-Q）的得分确定了 ON 和 ED 的患病率。在这三个组之间比较了这些措施以及体重指数的差异。
使用方差分析和卡方检验比较组间差异。
对于整个样本，ORTO-15 的得分表明 49.5%的人有 ON 的风险，EDE-Q 的得分表明 12.9%的人有 ED 的风险，有 8.2%的注册营养师自我披露接受 ED 的治疗。披露 ED 治疗的组和有 ON 风险的组的平均体重指数较低，ORTO-15 的得分较低，EDE-Q 及其所有分量表的得分较高，而对照组则较低。
有必要澄清 ON 和 ED 之间的关系，因为 ON 症状不仅与进食障碍有关，而且与升高的体型和体重担忧有关。
