Wilkinson A, Jenkins P A, Jeffrey J A
Lancet. 1985 Aug 10;2(8450):287-91. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(85)90346-0.
Dry powdered surfactant was used in two randomised, controlled trials to study its immediate effects, influence on mortality, and safety in babies born after less than 32 weeks' gestation. The lecithin/sphingomyelin (L/S) ratio was measured in pharyngeal aspirate taken before surfactant therapy to establish surfactant deficiency. 32 babies intubated during resuscitation (trial I) and a group of 24 other babies, all with immature L/S ratios, in whom severe hyaline membrane disease developed (trial II), were stratified for sex. In half 25 mg surfactant was insufflated through the endotracheal tube; it could be detected in tracheal secretions for at least the next 24 h. There was no significant difference in ventilator pressures or oxygen therapy used nor in neonatal mortality and morbidity in the first 2 years of life between the surfactant-treated and control groups in either trial.
在两项随机对照试验中使用了干粉表面活性剂，以研究其对妊娠少于32周出生的婴儿的即时效应、对死亡率的影响及安全性。在表面活性剂治疗前采集咽吸出物测量卵磷脂/鞘磷脂（L/S）比值，以确定表面活性剂缺乏情况。复苏期间插管的32例婴儿（试验I）和另一组24例L/S比值均不成熟且发生严重透明膜病的婴儿（试验II），按性别分层。其中一半通过气管内导管吹入25mg表面活性剂；在接下来至少24小时的气管分泌物中均可检测到该表面活性剂。在两项试验中，接受表面活性剂治疗组与对照组之间，在呼吸机压力、使用的氧疗方面，以及出生后2年内的新生儿死亡率和发病率方面均无显著差异。
