Department of Preventive Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Thamar University, Thamar, Yemen.
J Periodontal Res. 2017 Dec;52(6):937-945. doi: 10.1111/jre.12468. Epub 2017 Jun 18.
Although there is a general agreement that a khat chewing habit produces clinicopathological changes in the oral mucosa. However there is no reliable evidence of the effects of a khat chewing habit on the periodontal tissues. Thus, authors aimed to investigate the influence of khat chewing habits on periodontal, oral health, by comparing khat chewers to non-chewers in respect of gingival recession, periodontal pocketing depth and loss of attachment. A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. We searched PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Scopus and grey literature. The inclusion criteria were all studies with aims of comparing khat chewers and/or sides to non-chewers and/or sides in respect of gingival recession, periodontal pocketing depth and loss of attachment. For continuous data, we computed weighted mean difference or standard mean difference analyses. An odds ratio using a random effect model was used if heterogeneity was detected; otherwise, a fixed effects model with a 95% confidence interval was used for continuous data. Two subgroups were analysed: khat chewers vs non-chewers and khat chewer sides vs non-chewer sides of the chewer's individuals. A total of 6373 participants were enrolled in 12 studies (khat chewers=3812, non-chewers=2561). There were statistically significant differences between khat and non-chewers in both subgroup analyses regarding gingival recession, periodontal pocketing depth and loss of attachment (P<.05). The odds ratios for khat chewers compared to non-chewers, in respect of depth of periodontal pocket and gingival recession were 4.797 and 6.853 respectively. The results of this meta-analysis have shown that the khat chewing habit produces a destructive and adverse effect on periodontal, oral health.
尽管人们普遍认为，阿拉伯茶咀嚼习惯会导致口腔黏膜的临床病理变化。然而，目前尚无可靠证据表明阿拉伯茶咀嚼习惯对牙周组织有影响。因此，作者旨在通过比较阿拉伯茶咀嚼者和非咀嚼者的牙龈退缩、牙周袋深度和附着丧失，来研究阿拉伯茶咀嚼习惯对牙周和口腔健康的影响。根据系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目进行了系统评价和荟萃分析。我们在 PubMed、Cochrane 图书馆、Web of Science、Scopus 和灰色文献中进行了搜索。纳入标准是所有旨在比较阿拉伯茶咀嚼者和/或侧与非咀嚼者和/或侧在牙龈退缩、牙周袋深度和附着丧失方面的研究。对于连续数据，我们计算了加权均数差或标准均数差分析。如果存在异质性，则使用随机效应模型计算比值比；否则，使用固定效应模型和 95%置信区间进行连续数据。分析了两个亚组：阿拉伯茶咀嚼者与非咀嚼者和阿拉伯茶咀嚼者侧与非咀嚼者侧。共有 12 项研究（阿拉伯茶咀嚼者=3812 名，非咀嚼者=2561 名）共纳入 6373 名参与者。在亚组分析中，关于牙龈退缩、牙周袋深度和附着丧失，阿拉伯茶咀嚼者和非咀嚼者之间均存在统计学差异（P<.05）。与非咀嚼者相比，阿拉伯茶咀嚼者的牙周袋深度和牙龈退缩的比值比分别为 4.797 和 6.853。这项荟萃分析的结果表明，阿拉伯茶咀嚼习惯对牙周和口腔健康有破坏性和不利影响。
