Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 5 Xin Mofan Road, Nanjing, 210009, P. R. China.
School of Mechanical and Mining Engineering, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, 4072, Australia.
Adv Mater. 2017 Dec;29(48). doi: 10.1002/adma.201700132. Epub 2017 Jun 19.
Solid-oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) are electricity generators that can convert the chemical energy in various fuels directly to the electric power with high efficiency. Recent advances in materials and related key components for SOFCs operating at ≈500 °C are summarized here, with a focus on the materials, structures, and techniques development for low-temperature SOFCs, including the analysis of most of the critical parameters affecting the electrochemical performance of the electrolyte, anode, and cathode. New strategies, such as thin-film deposition, exsolution of nanoparticles from perovskites, microwave plasma heating, and finger-like channeled electrodes, are discussed. These recent developments highlight the need for electrodes with higher activity and electrolytes with greater conductivity to generate a high electrochemical performance at lower temperatures.
固体氧化物燃料电池（SOFC）是一种能够将各种燃料中的化学能直接高效转化为电能的发电装置。本文总结了 ≈500°C 下运行的 SOFC 用材料及相关关键组件的最新进展，重点介绍了低温 SOFC 的材料、结构和技术开发，包括对影响电解质、阳极和阴极电化学性能的大多数关键参数的分析。本文还讨论了一些新策略，如薄膜沉积、钙钛矿中纳米颗粒的析出来、微波等离子体加热和指状通道电极等。这些最新进展强调了需要具有更高活性的电极和电导率更大的电解质，以在更低温度下产生更高的电化学性能。
