van Wettere William H E J, Weaver Alice C, Greenwood Emma C, Terry Robyn, Hughes Paul E, Kind Karen L
School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Roseworthy Campus, Roseworthy, South Australia, Australia.
Paul Hughes Consulting, North Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
Mol Reprod Dev. 2017 Sep;84(9):883-896. doi: 10.1002/mrd.22838. Epub 2017 Jun 19.
Lactation anoestrus limits the flexibility of modern pig production systems such that any increase in lactation length reduces farrowing frequency, and thus profit. This review focuses on post-partum development of the sow's reproductive system, the physiology of lactation anoestrus and how it can be overcome, as well as the fertility of sows mated while lactating. The propensity for sows to ovulate spontaneously while lactating is high (24-31%), and a high proportion of sows will ovulate rapidly and synchronously in response to combinations of altered suckling (split weaning, interrupted suckling), daily boar contact, exogenous gonadotrophins, and group housing. The apparent ease with which lactation anoestrus can be overcome represents an opportunity to uncouple sow mating from weaning, thus reducing the impact of lactation length on productivity. This is especially true when considering the benefits of the described stimulation methods on the reproductive performance (i.e., shorter weaning to oestrus intervals and higher litter sizes) of the low proportion of sows that maintain lactation anoestrus.
泌乳期乏情限制了现代养猪生产系统的灵活性，即泌乳期延长会降低产仔频率，进而影响利润。本综述聚焦于母猪生殖系统的产后发育、泌乳期乏情的生理机制及其克服方法，以及泌乳期配种母猪的繁殖力。母猪在泌乳期自发排卵的倾向较高（24%-31%），并且高比例的母猪会对改变哺乳方式（分批断奶、间断哺乳）、每日与公猪接触、外源性促性腺激素及群养等多种因素的组合迅速且同步地排卵。泌乳期乏情看似易于克服，这为将母猪配种与断奶分离创造了契机，从而降低泌乳期长度对生产性能的影响。当考虑到上述刺激方法对维持泌乳期乏情的低比例母猪的繁殖性能（即断奶至发情间隔更短和产仔数更高）的益处时，情况尤其如此。
