Zoboli Fabio, Martinelli Domenico, Di Stefano Mariantonietta, Fasano Massimo, Prato Rosa, Santantonio Teresa Antonia, Fiore Jose' Ramòn
Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Viale Pinto 5, 71100, Foggia, Italy.
Sector of Hygiene, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy.
BMC Res Notes. 2017 Jun 19;10(1):216. doi: 10.1186/s13104-017-2520-1.
Migrants in Italy are prevalently young adults, with a higher risk of sexual transmitted infections (STI) and HIV infection. Promoting consistent as well as correct use of condoms could reduce failure rate due to their improper use. The aim of our study was to evaluate Condom Use Skills among a migrant population recently landed in Italy, hosted in a government center for asylum seekers.
The study sample was composed of 80 male migrants. Sanitary trained interviewers submitted a questionnaire to participants to investigate age, provenience, marital status, educational level and knowledge about transmission and prevention of HIV/STI. Then, we assessed participants' level of condom use skill with the Condom Use Skills (CUS) measure by using a wooden penile model. The interviewer filled in a checklist and assigned 1 point for correct demonstration of each behavior that may prevent condom failure during sex.
Participants' median age was 26 years and the sample was composed of 54 migrants from sub-Saharan Africa and 26 from Middle East. Most of them were married, with a lower middle level of education, up to 8 or 5 years. Half of the sample achieved the highest score in the questionnaire and our CUS showed a large number of people with middle high score classes. The Spearman's rho was 0.30, therefore answers to the questionnaire and CUS score appeared correlated (p < 0.05). In the multivariate model, to have a higher CUS score resulted to be associated to be older than 26 years (p < 0.05), with a higher level of education (p = 0.001), and a higher score in the questionnaire (p < 0.05). There were no significant differences in the level of CUS between single or married men and between African and Middle Asian migrants of the sample.
Our study shows that educational level influences the quality of knowledge and awareness about STI/AIDS and contribute to correct condom use. Since the half of participants had a low educational level and linguistic problems, the risk of missing campaigns messages or misunderstanding informative materials increases. Direct observation of condom-application on penile model may offer realistic assessment of application skills in these individuals.
意大利的移民以年轻人为主，他们感染性传播感染（STI）和艾滋病毒的风险较高。推广正确且持续使用避孕套可以降低因使用不当导致的失败率。我们研究的目的是评估近期抵达意大利、居住在政府庇护中心的移民群体的避孕套使用技巧。
研究样本由80名男性移民组成。经过卫生培训的访谈者向参与者发放问卷，以调查年龄、原籍、婚姻状况、教育水平以及对艾滋病毒/性传播感染的传播和预防的了解。然后，我们使用木制阴茎模型，通过避孕套使用技巧（CUS）测量法评估参与者的避孕套使用技巧水平。访谈者填写一份清单，对于在性行为中可能防止避孕套失败的每种正确行为示范给予1分。
参与者的中位年龄为26岁，样本包括54名来自撒哈拉以南非洲的移民和26名来自中东的移民。他们大多已婚，教育水平为中低等，最高8年或5年。样本中有一半在问卷中获得最高分，我们的CUS显示大量人员处于中高分等级。斯皮尔曼相关系数为0.30，因此问卷答案与CUS得分似乎相关（p<0.05）。在多变量模型中，CUS得分较高与年龄大于26岁（p<0.05）、教育水平较高（p = 0.001）以及问卷得分较高（p<0.05）相关。样本中单身或已婚男性之间以及非洲和中亚移民之间的CUS水平没有显著差异。
我们的研究表明，教育水平会影响对性传播感染/艾滋病的知识和认识质量，并有助于正确使用避孕套。由于一半的参与者教育水平较低且存在语言问题，错过宣传活动信息或误解宣传材料的风险增加。在阴茎模型上直接观察避孕套的使用情况可以对这些人的使用技巧提供实际评估。
