Muthukamalam Santhakumar, Sivagangavathi Sivalingam, Dhrishya Dharmapal, Sudha Rani Sadras
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, India.
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, India.
Braz J Microbiol. 2017 Oct-Dec;48(4):637-647. doi: 10.1016/j.bjm.2017.02.007. Epub 2017 Jun 3.
Role of microbes in bioremediation of oil spills has become inevitable owing to their eco friendly nature. This study focused on the isolation and characterization of bacterial strains with superior oil degrading potential from crude-oil contaminated soil. Three such bacterial strains were selected and subsequently identified by 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis as Corynebacterium aurimucosum, Acinetobacter baumannii and Microbacterium hydrocarbonoxydans respectively. The specific activity of catechol 1,2 dioxygenase (C12O) and catechol 2,3 dioxygenase (C23O) was determined in these three strains wherein the activity of C12O was more than that of C23O. Among the three strains, Microbacterium hydrocarbonoxydans exhibited superior crude oil degrading ability as evidenced by its superior growth rate in crude oil enriched medium and enhanced activity of dioxygenases. Also degradation of total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) in crude oil was higher with Microbacterium hydrocarbonoxydans. The three strains also produced biosurfactants of glycolipid nature as indicated d by biochemical, FTIR and GCMS analysis. These findings emphasize that such bacterial strains with superior oil degrading capacity may find their potential application in bioremediation of oil spills and conservation of marine and soil ecosystem.
由于微生物具有生态友好的特性，其在石油泄漏生物修复中的作用已变得不可或缺。本研究聚焦于从原油污染土壤中分离和鉴定具有卓越石油降解潜力的细菌菌株。挑选出三株这样的细菌菌株，随后通过16S rRNA基因序列分析分别鉴定为金色棒状杆菌、鲍曼不动杆菌和氧化烃微杆菌。测定了这三株菌株中邻苯二酚1,2 -双加氧酶（C12O）和邻苯二酚2,3 -双加氧酶（C23O）的比活性，其中C12O的活性高于C23O。在这三株菌株中，氧化烃微杆菌表现出卓越的原油降解能力，这在其在原油富集培养基中的优越生长速率以及双加氧酶活性增强方面得到了证明。而且，氧化烃微杆菌对原油中总石油烃（TPH）的降解率更高。生化、傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）和气相色谱 -质谱联用（GCMS）分析表明，这三株菌株还产生了糖脂性质的生物表面活性剂。这些发现强调，此类具有卓越石油降解能力的细菌菌株可能在石油泄漏生物修复以及海洋和土壤生态系统保护中找到其潜在应用。
