Du Lin, Speckman Jeanne, Medina Megan, Cole-Hatchard Michelle
Fred S. Keller School, Teachers College Columbia University, 1 Odell Plaza, Yonkers, NY 10701 USA.
Behav Anal Pract. 2017 Feb 23;10(2):118-130. doi: 10.1007/s40617-017-0174-z. eCollection 2017 Jun.
We investigated the effects of an auditory match-to-sample protocol on three preschoolers' accurate echoics to 100 English words and advanced listener responses. The protocol was presented by using an iPad app Sounds the same: an app to target listening and speaking clearly. We used a combination of a multiple probe design (for echoic responses) and a delayed multiple probe design (for advanced listener literacy responses) with a time-lagged baseline across participants to test the effectiveness of the protocol. The three participants ranged from 4 to 5 years old and were all diagnosed as preschoolers with disabilities. They were taught to discriminate between positive and negative exemplars of progressively more difficult sounds, words, and phases by matching the sample stimulus to the matching exemplar. Our data show that the mastery of the intervention resulted in increases in the accuracy of the participants' articulation of their echoics, as well as their advanced listener repertoires as measured by the responses to spoken directions in the presence of visual distractors.
我们研究了一种听觉匹配样本协议对三名学龄前儿童准确模仿100个英语单词及高级听众反应的影响。该协议通过使用一款iPad应用程序《听起来一样：清晰瞄准听力与口语的应用程序》来呈现。我们采用了多探针设计（用于模仿反应）和延迟多探针设计（用于高级听众读写能力反应）相结合的方法，并在参与者之间设置了时间滞后基线，以测试该协议的有效性。三名参与者年龄在4至5岁之间，均被诊断为残疾学龄前儿童。通过将样本刺激与匹配范例进行匹配，他们被教导区分难度逐渐增加的声音、单词和短语的正例和反例。我们的数据表明，干预的掌握导致参与者模仿发音的准确性提高，以及在存在视觉干扰物的情况下对口头指示的反应所衡量的高级听众技能增加。
