Department of Cariology, Endodontology and Periodontology, Centre for Periodontology, University Hospital of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
Private Dental Practice, Hartha, Germany.
J Periodontal Res. 2017 Dec;52(6):1050-1057. doi: 10.1111/jre.12476. Epub 2017 Jun 20.
Nutrition and body weight are modifying factors for periodontitis. The purpose of this study was to quantify two molecules (ghrelin and chemerin), released in association with food intake and obesity, in periodontally healthy and diseased individuals with respect to different body mass categories.
The two main groups (patients with chronic periodontitis and periodontally healthy/gingivitis volunteers) were subdivided into groups of subjects with normal weight [body mass index (BMI) <25] and groups of overweight/obese subjects (BMI ≥25). Subgingival bacteria were analysed and the levels of acylated and total ghrelin, chemerin and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) were assessed in saliva, gingival crevicular fluid and serum.
The amount of Treponema denticola present subgingivally was significantly higher in the groups of patients with chronic periodontitis as well as in periodontally healthy/gingivitis individuals with BMI ≥25 than in periodontally healthy/gingivitis individuals with BMI <25. The amount of total ghrelin in gingival crevicular fluid differed significantly between the groups, with the lowest levels found in the group of patients with chronic periodontitis and BMI ≥25. The levels of chemerin in gingival crevicular fluid were significantly higher in each chronic periodontitis group than in periodontally healthy/gingivitis individuals with BMI <25. However, the level of IL-1β in the gingival crevicular fluid was most differentiating between the groups, with the highest levels found in the group of patients with chronic periodontitis and BMI <25 and the lowest levels in periodontally healthy/gingivitis individuals with BMI <25. No significant differences between any groups were seen for chemerin or for acylated ghrelin in the stimulated whole saliva, or for acylated and total ghrelin in peripheral blood serum. The BMI correlated with the serum level of chemerin.
Low ghrelin and high chemerin levels in the gingival crevicular fluid might be linked to periodontal disease and overweight/obesity. However, unlike IL-1β, the levels of chemerin and ghrelin in gingival crevicular fluid are not reliable indicators of periodontal destruction.
营养和体重是牙周炎的修饰因子。本研究的目的是定量两种与食物摄入和肥胖相关的分子（ghrelin 和 chemerin），观察其在牙周健康和患病个体中不同体重类别下的表达。
将两个主要组别（慢性牙周炎患者和牙周健康/牙龈炎志愿者）分为正常体重组（BMI<25）和超重/肥胖组（BMI≥25）。分析龈下细菌，并评估唾液、龈沟液和血清中酰化和总 ghrelin、chemerin 和白细胞介素-1β（IL-1β）的水平。
龈下 Treponema denticola 的数量在慢性牙周炎患者组和 BMI≥25 的牙周健康/牙龈炎个体中明显高于 BMI<25 的牙周健康/牙龈炎个体。龈沟液中总 ghrelin 的量在组间差异有统计学意义，慢性牙周炎和 BMI≥25 组的水平最低。龈沟液中 chemerin 的水平在每个慢性牙周炎组中均明显高于 BMI<25 的牙周健康/牙龈炎个体。然而，龈沟液中 IL-1β 的水平在组间差异最大，慢性牙周炎和 BMI<25 组的水平最高，而 BMI<25 的牙周健康/牙龈炎个体的水平最低。在刺激全唾液中，chemerin 或酰化 ghrelin 或外周血血清中的总 ghrelin 在任何组间均无显著差异。BMI 与血清 chemerin 水平相关。
龈沟液中低 ghrelin 和高 chemerin 水平可能与牙周病和超重/肥胖有关。然而，与 IL-1β 不同，chemerin 和 ghrelin 在龈沟液中的水平不是牙周破坏的可靠指标。
