a Department of Psychiatry , University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago , IL , USA.
b Department of Medicine , University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago , IL , USA.
Clin Neuropsychol. 2018 Jan;32(1):81-97. doi: 10.1080/13854046.2017.1339830. Epub 2017 Jun 15.
Neuropsychologists utilize performance validity tests (PVTs) as objective means for drawing inferences about performance validity. The Test of Memory Malingering (TOMM) is a well-validated, stand-alone PVT and the Reliable Digit Span (RDS) and Reliable Digit Span-Revised (RDS-R) from the Digit Span subtest of the WAIS-IV are commonly employed, embedded PVTs. While research has demonstrated the utility of these PVTs with various clinical samples, no research has investigated their use in adults with sickle cell disease (SCD), a condition associated with multiple neurological, physical, and psychiatric symptoms. Thus, the purpose of this study was to explore PVT performance in adults with SCD.
Fifty-four adults with SCD (M = 40.61, SD = 12.35) were consecutively referred by their hematologist for a routine clinical outpatient neuropsychological evaluation. During the evaluation, participants were administered the TOMM (Trials 1 and 2), neuropsychological measures including the WAIS-IV Digit Span subtest, and mood and behavioral questionnaires.
The average score on the TOMM was 47.70 (SD = 3.47, range = 34-50) for Trial 1 and 49.69 (SD = 1.66, range = 38-50) for Trial 2. Only one participant failed Trial 2 of the TOMM, yielding a 98.1% pass rate for the sample. Pass rates at various RDS and RDS-R values were calculated with TOMM Trial 2 performance as an external criterion.
Results support the use of the TOMM as a measure of performance validity for individuals with SCD, while RDS and RDS-R should be interpreted with caution in this population.
神经心理学家利用绩效效度测试（PVTs）作为推断绩效效度的客观手段。记忆伪装测试（TOMM）是一种经过充分验证的独立 PVT，而韦氏智力测验第四版数字广度分测验中的可靠数字广度（RDS）和可靠数字广度修订版（RDS-R）则是常用的嵌入式 PVT。虽然研究已经证明了这些 PVT 在各种临床样本中的有效性，但没有研究调查它们在镰状细胞病（SCD）成年人中的应用，这种疾病与多种神经、身体和精神症状有关。因此，本研究旨在探讨 SCD 成年人的 PVT 表现。
54 名 SCD 成年人（M=40.61，SD=12.35）连续由他们的血液学家转介进行常规的临床门诊神经心理学评估。在评估过程中，参与者接受了 TOMM（试验 1 和 2）、神经心理学测试，包括韦氏智力测验第四版数字广度分测验，以及情绪和行为问卷。
TOMM 试验 1 的平均分数为 47.70（SD=3.47，范围 34-50），试验 2 的平均分数为 49.69（SD=1.66，范围 38-50）。只有一名参与者在 TOMM 试验 2 中失败，样本的通过率为 98.1%。根据 TOMM 试验 2 成绩作为外部标准，计算了各种 RDS 和 RDS-R 的通过率。
结果支持将 TOMM 作为 SCD 个体绩效效度的衡量标准，而在该人群中应谨慎解释 RDS 和 RDS-R。
