Piucco Tatiane, Bini Rodrigo, Sakaguchi Masanori, Diefenthaeler Fernando, Stefanyshyn Darren
a Faculty of Kinesiology, Roger Jackson Centre for Health and Wellness Research , University of Calgary , Calgary , Canada.
b Physical Education Department, Sports Centre , Federal University of Santa Catarina , Florianópolis , Brazil.
Sports Biomech. 2017 Nov;16(4):540-551. doi: 10.1080/14763141.2016.1246600. Epub 2017 Feb 28.
This study investigated how the combination of workload and fatigue affected the frequency components of muscle activation and possible recruitment priority of motor units during skating to exhaustion. Ten male competitive speed skaters performed an incremental maximal test on a slide board. Activation of six muscles from the right leg was recorded throughout the test. A time-frequency analysis was performed to compute overall, high, and low frequency bands from the whole signal at 10, 40, 70, and 90% of total test time. Overall activation increased for all muscles throughout the test (p < 0.05 and ES > 0.80). There was an increase in low frequency (90 vs. 10%, p = 0.035, ES = 1.06) and a decrease in high frequency (90 vs. 10%, p = 0.009, ES = 1.38, and 90 vs. 40%, p = 0.025, ES = 1.12) components of gluteus maximus. Strong correlations were found between the maximal cadence and vastus lateralis, gluteus maximus and gluteus medius activation at the end of the test. In conclusion, the incremental skating test lead to an increase in activation of lower limb muscles, but only gluteus maximus was sensitive to changes in frequency components, probably caused by a pronounced fatigue.
本研究调查了工作量和疲劳的综合影响如何在滑冰至力竭过程中影响肌肉激活的频率成分以及运动单位可能的募集优先级。十名男性竞技速滑运动员在滑板上进行了递增最大测试。在整个测试过程中记录了右腿六块肌肉的激活情况。进行了时频分析，以计算在总测试时间的10%、40%、70%和90%时整个信号的整体、高频和低频带。在整个测试过程中，所有肌肉的整体激活均增加（p < 0.05且ES > 0.80）。臀大肌的低频成分增加（90%与10%相比，p = 0.035，ES = 1.06），高频成分减少（90%与10%相比，p = 0.009，ES = 1.38，90%与40%相比，p = 0.025，ES = 1.12）。在测试结束时，最大步频与股外侧肌、臀大肌和臀中肌激活之间发现了强相关性。总之，递增滑冰测试导致下肢肌肉激活增加，但只有臀大肌对频率成分的变化敏感，这可能是由明显的疲劳引起的。
