Bell Caroline J, Boden Joseph M, Horwood L John, Mulder Roger T
1 Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, Christchurch, New Zealand.
2 Christchurch Health & Development Study, University of Otago, Christchurch, Christchurch, New Zealand.
Aust N Z J Psychiatry. 2017 Jul;51(7):711-718. doi: 10.1177/0004867417691852. Epub 2017 Feb 13.
Few studies have examined the contribution of specific disaster-related experiences to symptoms of depression. The aims of this study were to do this by examining the roles of peri-traumatic stress and distress due to lingering disaster-related disruption in explaining linkages between disaster exposure and major depressive disorder symptoms among a cohort exposed to the 2010-2011 Canterbury (New Zealand) earthquakes.
Structural equation models were fitted to data obtained from the Christchurch Health and Development Study at age 35 ( n = 495), 20-24 months following the onset of the disaster. Measures included earthquake exposure, peri-traumatic stress, disruption distress and symptoms of major depressive disorder.
The associations between earthquake exposure and major depression were explained largely by the experience of peri-traumatic stress during the earthquakes (β = 0.180, p < 0.01) and not by disruption distress following the earthquakes (β = 0.048, p = 0.47).
The results suggest that peri-traumatic stress has been under-recognised as a predictor of major depressive disorder.
很少有研究探讨特定的与灾难相关的经历对抑郁症状的影响。本研究的目的是通过考察创伤周围应激和因持续存在的与灾难相关的破坏而产生的痛苦在解释2010 - 2011年坎特伯雷（新西兰）地震受灾队列中灾难暴露与重度抑郁症症状之间的联系时所起的作用，来进行这一研究。
对来自基督城健康与发展研究的数据进行结构方程模型拟合，这些数据是在灾难发生20 - 24个月后、35岁时获取的（n = 495）。测量指标包括地震暴露、创伤周围应激、破坏痛苦以及重度抑郁症症状。
地震暴露与重度抑郁症之间的关联主要由地震期间的创伤周围应激经历所解释（β = 0.180，p < 0.01），而非由地震后的破坏痛苦所解释（β = 0.048，p = 0.47）。
研究结果表明，创伤周围应激作为重度抑郁症的一个预测因素一直未得到充分认识。
