Kobe University, Japan.
Kobe University, Japan.
Waste Manag. 2017 Oct;68:688-700. doi: 10.1016/j.wasman.2017.06.014. Epub 2017 Jun 19.
This study develops a method of environmental and economic evaluation of an integrated disaster waste management system that considers the spatial scale of removal, transport, and treatment of disaster waste. A case study was conducted on combustibles, which is a type of disaster waste derived from dwellings, in Mie Prefecture, Japan. First, we calculated the quantity and the spatial distribution of disaster waste derived from dwellings and tsunami debris produced as a result of a large-scale earthquake. The quantity of disaster waste was estimated as 7,178,000t with functioning flood-preventing facilities and 11,956,000t without functioning flood prevention facilities. Ensuring resilience in the face of earthquakes and tsunamis by renovating flood-preventing facilities is extremely important in decreasing the production of wastes, especially in coastal regions. Next, the transportation network for transporting combustibles in disaster waste to temporary storage sites, incineration plants, and landfill was constructed using an optimization model. The results showed that if flood-preventing facilities do not function properly, the installation of temporary incineration facilities becomes essential. Life-cycle emissions of CO, SO, NO, and PM and the costs of removal, storage, and treatment of combustibles were calculated as 258,000t, 618t, 1705t, 7.9t, and 246millionUSD, respectively, in the case of functioning flood-preventing facilities. If flood-preventing facilities do not function, the quantity of environmentally unfriendly emissions and the costs increase. This result suggested the significance of renovation in order to maintain the conditions of flood-preventing facilities to decrease the environmental burden and costs as well as keep the production of disaster waste at a minimum.
本研究开发了一种综合灾害废物管理系统的环境和经济评估方法，该方法考虑了灾害废物的移除、运输和处理的空间尺度。对日本三重县住宅衍生的可燃物（一种灾害废物）进行了案例研究。首先，我们计算了因大规模地震而产生的住宅和海啸残骸的灾害废物的数量及其空间分布。有防洪设施的情况下，灾害废物的数量估计为 717.8 万吨，没有防洪设施的情况下，灾害废物的数量估计为 1195.6 万吨。通过翻新防洪设施来提高面对地震和海啸的韧性，对于减少废物的产生非常重要，特别是在沿海地区。接下来，使用优化模型构建了将灾害废物中的可燃物运输到临时储存场、焚烧厂和垃圾填埋场的运输网络。结果表明，如果防洪设施不能正常运行，则必须安装临时焚烧设施。在有防洪设施的情况下，计算了 CO、SO、NO 和 PM 的生命周期排放以及可燃物的移除、储存和处理成本，分别为 25.8 万吨、618 吨、1705 吨、7.9 吨和 2.46 亿美元。如果防洪设施不能正常运行，环境不友好排放的数量和成本将会增加。这一结果表明，为了降低环境负担和成本，并将灾害废物的产生量降至最低，维护防洪设施的条件进行翻新具有重要意义。
