Jørgensen Louise von Gersdorff
Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
Fish Shellfish Immunol. 2017 Aug;67:586-595. doi: 10.1016/j.fsi.2017.06.044. Epub 2017 Jun 17.
Ichthyophthirius multifiliis, the causative agent of white spot disease (ichthyophthiriasis) is a major burden for fish farmers and aquarists globally. The parasite infects the skin and the gills of freshwater fish, which may acquire a protective adaptive immune response against this disease, making vaccine strategies feasible. However, there is no prophylactic treatment available and repetitive treatments with auxiliary substances are needed to control the infection. Historically, a variety of drugs and chemicals have been used to combat the disease but due to changing regulations and recognition of carcinogenic and environmentally damaging effects the most efficient compounds are prohibited. A continuous search for novel substances, which are highly effective against the parasites and harmless for the fish is ongoing. These compounds should be environmentally friendly and cost-effective. This review presents recent progress within host immunology, vaccinology and a description of novel substances, which have been tested as treatments against ichthyophthiriasis.
多子小瓜虫是白点病（小瓜虫病）的病原体，是全球养鱼户和水族爱好者的一大负担。这种寄生虫感染淡水鱼的皮肤和鳃，淡水鱼可能会针对这种疾病产生保护性适应性免疫反应，这使得疫苗策略可行。然而，目前尚无预防性治疗方法，需要使用辅助物质进行反复治疗以控制感染。从历史上看，人们使用过多种药物和化学品来对抗这种疾病，但由于法规的变化以及对致癌和环境破坏作用的认识，最有效的化合物已被禁止使用。目前正在持续寻找对寄生虫高效且对鱼类无害的新型物质。这些化合物应环保且具有成本效益。本综述介绍了宿主免疫学、疫苗学方面的最新进展，以及对已作为治疗小瓜虫病进行测试的新型物质的描述。
