Unit of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology and Neuroendocrine Tumors, European Institute of Oncology, IEO, 20141 via Ripamonti, 435, Milan, Italy.
Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, European Institute of Oncology, IEO, Milan, Italy.
Target Oncol. 2017 Oct;12(5):611-622. doi: 10.1007/s11523-017-0506-5.
Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) represent a large and heterogeneous group of malignancies with various biological and clinical characteristics, depending on the site of origin and the grade of tumor proliferation. In NETs, as in other cancer types, molecularly targeted therapies have radically changed the therapeutic landscape. Recently two targeted agents, the mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitor everolimus and the tyrosine kinase inhibitor sunitinib, have both demonstrated significantly prolonged progression free survival in patients with advanced pancreatic NETs. Despite these important therapeutic developments, there are still significant limitations to the use of these agents due to the lack of accurate biomarkers for predicting tumor response and efficacy of therapy. In this review, we provide an overview of the current clinical data for the evaluation of predictive factors of response to/efficacy of everolimus and sunitinib in advanced pancreatic NETs. Surrogate indicators discussed include circulating and tissue markers, as well as non-invasive imaging techniques.
神经内分泌肿瘤（NETs）是一组具有不同生物学和临床特征的恶性肿瘤，其特征取决于起源部位和肿瘤增殖程度。在 NETs 中，与其他癌症类型一样，分子靶向治疗已从根本上改变了治疗格局。最近，两种靶向药物，哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白抑制剂依维莫司和酪氨酸激酶抑制剂舒尼替尼，都已证明可显著延长晚期胰腺 NETs 患者的无进展生存期。尽管这些重要的治疗进展，由于缺乏预测肿瘤反应和治疗效果的准确生物标志物，这些药物的使用仍存在重大局限性。在这篇综述中，我们概述了评估依维莫司和舒尼替尼治疗晚期胰腺 NETs 的反应/疗效的预测因素的临床数据。讨论的替代指标包括循环和组织标志物以及非侵入性成像技术。
