Takaoka Motoko, Suzuki Kyoko, Norbäck Dan
a Department of Biosphere Sciences , School of Human Sciences, Kobe College , Nishinomiya Hyogo , Japan.
b Department of Medical Sciences , Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Uppsala University and University Hospital , Uppsala , Sweden.
J Asthma. 2017 Aug;54(6):652-661. doi: 10.1080/02770903.2016.1255957. Epub 2017 Feb 10.
To study associations between the school and home environment and current asthma, respiratory symptoms and airway infections among Japanese students.
Japanese students (12-15 y) (N = 1048) in four schools responded to a questionnaire on respiratory health, allergy and the home environment. Temperature, relative air humidity (RH) and student density (students/m floor area) was measured in the classrooms: dust was collected from floors and in classroom air and analysed for cat (Fel d 1) and dog (Can f 1) allergens. Health associations were analysed by multi-level logistic regression.
Doctor's diagnosed asthma was common (13.4%), 8.8% reported cat allergy and 6.1% dog allergy. The median level in floor dust was 41 ng/g (IQR 23-92) for Fel d 1 and 101 ng/g (IQR 54-101) for Can f 1. The median level in air was 18.6 ng/ m/ day (IQR5.9-25.1) for Fel d 1 and 18.6 ng/ m/ day (IQR 6.0-13.3) for Can f 1. High RH, high student density and airborne cat allergen was associated with airway infections. In the home environment, recent indoor painting, new floor materials, odour, having cats as pets, window pane condensation in winter, and dampness in floor construction were associated with respiratory illness.
High relative air humidity, high student density and airborne cat allergens at school may increase the risk of airway infections. Having cats as pets, chemical emissions from paint and new floor materials, odour and dampness can constitute domestic risk factors for respiratory symptoms while having dogs as pets could be protective.
研究日本学生的学校和家庭环境与当前哮喘、呼吸道症状及气道感染之间的关联。
四所学校的1048名日本学生（12 - 15岁）回答了一份关于呼吸健康、过敏和家庭环境的问卷。在教室中测量温度、相对空气湿度（RH）和学生密度（学生数/楼层面积）：从地板和教室空气中收集灰尘，并分析其中猫（Fel d 1）和狗（Can f 1）过敏原。通过多水平逻辑回归分析健康关联。
医生诊断的哮喘很常见（13.4%），8.8%报告对猫过敏，6.1%报告对狗过敏。地板灰尘中Fel d 1的中位数水平为41 ng/g（四分位间距23 - 92），Can f 1为101 ng/g（四分位间距54 - 101）。空气中Fel d 1的中位数水平为18.6 ng/m/天（四分位间距5.9 - 25.1），Can f 1为18.6 ng/m/天（四分位间距6.0 - 13.3）。高相对湿度、高学生密度和空气中的猫过敏原与气道感染有关。在家庭环境中，近期室内粉刷、新的地板材料、气味、养猫作为宠物、冬季窗玻璃结露以及地板结构潮湿与呼吸道疾病有关。
学校中高相对空气湿度、高学生密度和空气中的猫过敏原可能增加气道感染风险。养猫作为宠物、油漆和新地板材料的化学排放、气味和潮湿可构成呼吸道症状的家庭危险因素，而养狗作为宠物可能具有保护作用。
